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1、南京工业大学本科生毕业设计(论文)19城乡二元户籍制度改革研究摘要: 新中国成立后,政府废止了旧的户口制度,制发了新的户口簿册,建立了新的户口登记制度。但由于历史传统、文化观念和计划经济体制等多种因素的影响,从总体上看,仍保留有大量传统户籍制度的内核。如户籍带有深深的身份烙印,城市户口和农村户口之间存在着等级差异性,享受的待遇明显不同;户籍被打上世袭的烙印,农村居民的子弟除考学等少数途径外,绝大部分都承袭父母的农村户籍;户籍管理带有很强的社会治安功能等。其中城乡二元户籍制度是一种极不平等的制度,也是非常粗暴的制度,它人为地制造了人与人之间的不平
2、等。农村户口的人不仅享受不到相关的福利,而且他们的利益被剥夺、人格被侵犯,成为社会的二等公民。改革开放的实质就是从传统社会向现代社会转型,权利日益代替道德成为社会的组织原则、行为动力和价值标准。在这样的背景下,传统的城乡二元户籍制度已经越来越不合理,越来越成为社会发展的桎梏。户籍改革,不是统一户口,而是国民的权利和待遇完全平等,人的权利不能够因为出生地不同而天然地造成不平等。[关键词]城乡二元户籍制度改革平等I南京工业大学本科生毕业设计(论文)19Thereformofthehouseholdregistrationsystemoftwoyuan
3、inurbanandruralareasAbstract:AfterthefoundingofnewChina,thegovernmentabolishedtheoldaccountsystem,madethenewaccountbook,theestablishmentofanewhouseholdregistrationsystem.Theinfluencesofvarioushistoricaltradition,culturalideaandtheplannedeconomicsystemandotherfactors,fromlooko
4、nthewhole,stillretainsmanytraditionalhouseholdregistersystemkernel.Ifthehouseholdwithdeepidentitymark,thegradedifferenceexistsbetweencityandruralregisteredpermanentresidence,enjoytreatmentweresignificantlydifferent;brandhouseholdahereditary,ruralchildreninadditiontotestafewwa
5、ys,mostparentsarefromruralhousehold;householdmanagementwithstrongsocialsecurityfunction.Thetwourbanandruralhouseholdregistrationsystemisakindofveryunequalsystem,isalsoveryroughsystem,itartificiallycreatedtheinequalitybetweenpeople.Ruralresidentswhocannotenjoythebenefits,butth
6、eirinterestsaredeprived,personalityisviolated,becomethetwocitizens.Theessenceofthereformandopeningupisthetransformationfromtraditionalsocietytomodernsociety,increasinglybecomerightinsteadofmoralprinciplesofsocialorganization,behaviorandvaluestandard.Inthiscontext,twourbanandr
7、uralhouseholdregistrationsystemhavetraditionallybeenmoreandmoreunreasonable,hasincreasinglybecometheshacklesofsocialdevelopment.Reformofthehouseholdregistrationsystem,notaunifiedaccount,butthenationalrightsandbenefitsoffullequality,humanrightscannotbeborndifferentnaturalinequ
8、ality.[keyword]twourban;ruralhouseholdregistrationsystem;reform;equa