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1、《英语影视赏析》复习资料PartoneTheoreticalknowledge1.Acameraworksbycapturingaseriesofimages.Thisseriesofimagesiscalleda“frame”andisachievedbyusingasporadicmechanism.Theframesarethenreplayedinamovieprojectoratacertainspeed,knownas“framerate”(thenumberofframesbysecond).2.Historyandgenrearethe
2、twobasicparametersusedwhencategorizingfilms.3.Theinventionofphotographyin1826laidthetechnologicalgroundworkforcinema.4.OnDecember28,1895,LumièrebrothersplayedthefirstfilmsL’arrivéed’untrainàlaCiolatandLaSortiedesusines.5.AmericancinemaoccurredinparallelwithFrenchcinema,butdevelo
3、pedfasterthroughthenickelodeonswhoseaudiencesreached49millionperweekin1915.6.ProductionofearlyAmericancinemawasinitiallybasedon“cameramansystem”:Thecameramanplanned,wrote,filmedandedited;onlyattheend,thedirectorcontrolledworkerswithclearrolesandaproducerplannedandbudgeted.7.Earl
4、yfilmwasvoicelessandblack-and-white.8.Aesthetically,theearlycinemahasbeencalled“Actualityfilming”:itrecordedandrepresentedaspectsof“reallife”;usuallyconsistedsimplyofasinglepong-distanceshotofasinglefigure(oftenacelebrityorsportspersonality),placeoraction.fictionalscenarios,ifpo
5、ssible,werelittlemorethangags,vaudevilleperformances,orre-enactmentsofrealevents;itreliedprimarilyonspectacleratherthannarrative:Comedysketches,magicshows,orsimplyimagesofmovingvehiclesweretheheartoftheearlycinema.9.Fromtheearly1920stothelate1950swiththearrivalofsoundandcolor.So
6、undwasfirstintroducedbyWarnerbrothersinDonJuanin1926.Colortechnologybegantobeappliedinthe1920sandimprovedinthe1930s.10.Industrially,thisperiodoftheclassicHollywoodfilmischaracterizedbytheemergenceof“studiosystem”andthedominationoffivemajorcompanies.Structurally,itischaracterized
7、byacinemaofnarrative:Causality,temporallogic,motivatedactionandplotresolutions.Technically,continuityeditingwasemployed.Thisisaneratobear“star”and“starvehicles”.Starswerecontrolledbylong-termcontractsandplayedtherolesdeterminedbythestudios.Studiosconstructeda“starpersona”,genera
8、tedextra-filmicpublicityandgossip.Theperiodgene
