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时间:2017-11-13
《人教版高中英语必修五-教材练习答案及听力原文》由会员上传分享,免费在线阅读,更多相关内容在教育资源-天天文库。
1、[键入文字] 教材练习答案及听力原文·19·[键入文字]Unit1WARMINGUPCAnswers:1Archimedes,AncientGreek(287-212BC)Hewasamathematician.Hefoundthatifyouputanobjectintowaterthewaterpushestheobjectup.Itrisesandpartlyfloats.Theforceofthewaterpushingitupisthesameastheweightoftheobject.2CharlesDarwin,British(
2、1808-1882)TheOriginofSpecieswaspublishedin1859.Itexplainedhowplantsandanimalshadchangedovertimetofitinwithachangingenvironment.Atthetimeitwaspublisheditwasverycontroversial.ManypeoplebelievedtheBiblewhenitsaidthatGodmadethefirsttwopeople(AdamandEve)andthatallotherpeoplecamef
3、romthesetwo.Darwin’sbookshowedthatpeoplehaddevelopedfromapesinstead.Sothiscausedalotofargumentbetweenreligiousandscientificpeople.HoweverDarwin’sideabecameveryinfluentialandisstillacceptedtoday.3ThomasNewcomen,British(1663-1729)HeimprovedthefirststeampumpbuiltbyThomasSaveryi
4、n1698andturneditintoasteamenginefortakingwateroutofminesin1712.JamesWattimproveditstillfurtherinthe1770sturningitintothefirstmodernsteamengineusedontherailways.4GregorMendel,Czech(1822-1884)Hegrewpeaplantsanddevelopedideasonheredityandinheritedcharacteristics.Heconcentratedo
5、ncross-fertilisingpeaplantsandanalyzingtheresults.Between1856-1863hegrew28,000peaplants.Heexaminedsevenkindsofseedandplantcharacteristicsanddevelopedsomelawsofinheritance.Thefirstisthatinheritancefactorsdonotcombinebutarepassedtothenextgenerationintact.Second,hefoundthateach
6、partnergiveshalftheinheritedfactorstotheyoung.Third,someofthesefactorsshowupintheoffspring(andsoaredominant).Theotherfactorsaremaskedbythedominantones(andsoarerecessive).5MarieCurie,PolishandFrench(1867-1934)ShewasborninPolandandcametostudyinFrancein1891andshelivedthereforth
7、erestofherlife.In1898shediscoveredradium.ShereceivedtwoNobelprizes,one(withPierreCurie)forphysics(1903)andoneforchemistry(1911).Sheistheonlypersontohavebeensohonoured.OnthedeathofherhusbandshetookoverhisjobattheSorbonneinParis.Herworkonradioactivityandthediscoveryofradiummea
8、ntthatshebegananewscientificareaofresearch.ShewasthefirstwomantoreceiveaNob
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