【最新精品版】人教版高中英语必修五-教材练习答案及听力原文

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1、[键入文字]　教材练习答案及听力原文·19·[键入文字]Unit1WARMINGUPCAnswers:1Archimedes,AncientGreek(287-212BC)Hewasamathematician.Hefoundthatifyouputanobjectintowaterthewaterpushestheobjectup.Itrisesandpartlyfloats.Theforceofthewaterpushingitupisthesameastheweightoftheobject.2CharlesDarwin,British(18

2、08-1882)TheOriginofSpecieswaspublishedin1859.Itexplainedhowplantsandanimalshadchangedovertimetofitinwithachangingenvironment.Atthetimeitwaspublisheditwasverycontroversial.ManypeoplebelievedtheBiblewhenitsaidthatGodmadethefirsttwopeople(AdamandEve)andthatallotherpeoplecamefromt

3、hesetwo.Darwin’sbookshowedthatpeoplehaddevelopedfromapesinstead.Sothiscausedalotofargumentbetweenreligiousandscientificpeople.HoweverDarwin’sideabecameveryinfluentialandisstillacceptedtoday.3ThomasNewcomen,British(1663-1729)HeimprovedthefirststeampumpbuiltbyThomasSaveryin1698a

4、ndturneditintoasteamenginefortakingwateroutofminesin1712.JamesWattimproveditstillfurtherinthe1770sturningitintothefirstmodernsteamengineusedontherailways.4GregorMendel,Czech(1822-1884)Hegrewpeaplantsanddevelopedideasonheredityandinheritedcharacteristics.Heconcentratedoncross-f

5、ertilisingpeaplantsandanalyzingtheresults.Between1856-1863hegrew28,000peaplants.Heexaminedsevenkindsofseedandplantcharacteristicsanddevelopedsomelawsofinheritance.Thefirstisthatinheritancefactorsdonotcombinebutarepassedtothenextgenerationintact.Second,hefoundthateachpartnergiv

6、eshalftheinheritedfactorstotheyoung.Third,someofthesefactorsshowupintheoffspring(andsoaredominant).Theotherfactorsaremaskedbythedominantones(andsoarerecessive).5MarieCurie,PolishandFrench(1867-1934)ShewasborninPolandandcametostudyinFrancein1891andshelivedtherefortherestofherli

7、fe.In1898shediscoveredradium.ShereceivedtwoNobelprizes,one(withPierreCurie)forphysics(1903)andoneforchemistry(1911).Sheistheonlypersontohavebeensohonoured.OnthedeathofherhusbandshetookoverhisjobattheSorbonneinParis.Herworkonradioactivityandthediscoveryofradiummeantthatshebegan

8、anewscientificareaofresearch.ShewasthefirstwomantoreceiveaNob