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时间:2018-09-15
《扁核酸大枣采收及贮藏技术研究》由会员上传分享,免费在线阅读,更多相关内容在学术论文-天天文库。
1、万方数据河南农业科学,2011,40(1):118—120JournalofHenanAgriculturalSciences扁核酸大枣采收及贮藏技术研究张坤朋,刘彦珍,蔡敏(安阳工学院生物与食品工程学院,河南安阳455000)摘要:以豫北主栽大枣品种扁核酸为试验材料,研究其适宜采收时期、采收方法及贮藏挫能。结果表明;贮藏80d,初红果、半红果和全红果的好果率分别为68.7%、58.1%和49.2%;但初红果的失重率最高,为lO.2%,远远高于半红果和全红果的5.1%和6.8%。初红果和半红果耐贮性较好,长期贮藏的扁核酸大枣适宜在半
2、红期采收;冀苎藏至80d,不带果柄、带枣吊和叶的枣果腐烂指数上升为77.1%和62.7%,分别比带果柄采收的枣果高53.3个百分点和38.9个百分点。保留果柄可以促进其贮藏性能,但带叶和枣吊采收则明显降低其贮藏性能;采收后的枣果贮藏前用1%的蜂胶处理后再进行贮藏,可以大大减少枣果的霉烂损失,贮藏效果最好,其次是用50℃热水处理5min,其腐烂指数和软果率也较低。关键词;扁核酸大枣;采收时期;栗收方法;贮藏中图分类号:S632.1文献标识码:A文章编号:1004—3268(2011)01—0118一03StudyonPickingTi
3、meandPreservationMethodofBianhesuanJujubeZHANGKuwpeng,UUYan-zhen。CAIMin(BiologyandFoodEngineeringCollegeofAnyangInstituteofTechnology,Anyang455000,China)Abstract:TheBianhesuanjujubeisamainjujubevarietyinthenorthofHenarLInthispaper,thepickingtimeandpreservationmethodofB
4、ianhesuanjujubewerestudied.Theresultsshowedthatthepercentageoffreshfruitofearlyberry-red,halfberry-redandallberry-redwasrespectively68.7%,58.1%and49.2afterjujubeswerepreservedfor80days.Weightlossrateofearlyberry-redwasthehighest,reae—hing10.2%,farhigherthanhalfberry-re
5、dandallberry-redofwhichitwasrespectively5.1%and6.8%.Thestorabilityofwhite-ripeningfruitsandhalf-redfruitswasstronger;thehalf-redBianhesuanjujubefruitswereappropriatetobestoredforalongertime.Storageto80d,decayindexoffruitwithoutfruitstalkandwithfruitingbranchandleavesro
6、seto77.1%and62.7%,53.3%and38.9%higherthanthatoffruitwithfruitstalkrespectively.KeepingcarpopodiumcouldincreasethestorabilityofBianhesuanjujube,butthestorabilityOfthosefruitswithleavesandfruitingbranchescouldbereducedobviously.Thetreatmentwith1%propolisafterpickingcould
7、reducetherotrateofjujubefruits,andthepreserva—tioneffectwasthebest:thetreatmentwith50℃hot-waterfor5minalsocoulddecreaserotindex.Keywords:Bianhesuanjujube;Pickingtime;Pickingmethod;Preservation鲜枣的耐贮性因成熟度不同差异很大,大多数研究认为‘卜¨,无论是同时采摘的同株树上的全红、半红和初红枣果,还是分别于全红、半红和初红期采摘的枣果,在0"C贮
8、藏时以初红果最耐贮,全红果耐贮性最差。不同的采收方法对枣果的贮藏效果亦有显著影响。对枣果采前或采后进行药剂处理是否能有效地提高其贮藏寿命,目前尚处在争论阶段。本研究以河南省中北部优良的制干枣品种扁核酸为材料,用不同方法进行贮藏,通过检
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