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1、lTheHistoryofComputerScience&FamousPeoplelNumberSystem&ComputenBaseConversionubetweenDecimalBaseandBinaryBase(incl.DecimalPart)ubetweenDecimalBaseandHexadecimalBase(incl.DecimalPart)uamongBinary,OctalandHexadecimalnComputeofnumbersinthesamebaseuComputeinB
2、inarySystemlAddition&SubtractionlBooleanAlgebra&LogicalOperation:AND,OR,XOR,NOT(Attention:SymbolicalExpression)uComputeinOctalSystemuComputeinHexadecimalSystemlGates&CircuitsnSomeExplanationsofNoun.&ImportantConcepts(see:Noun.Explanation)nThreeRepresentat
3、ionsofaCircuituBooleanExpressionuLogicDiagramuTruthTablenTypesofGatesuNOTBool.Expr.:X=A’
4、
5、X=NOTA
6、
7、X=┐AuANDBool.Expr.:X=A·B
8、
9、X=AANDB
10、
11、X=A∧BuORBool.Expr.:X=A+B
12、
13、X=AORB
14、
15、X=A∨BuXORBool.Expr.:X=AB
16、
17、X=AXORBuNANDBool.Expr.:X=(A·B)’
18、
19、X=NOT(AANDB)uNORBool.Expr.:X=
20、(A+B)’
21、
22、X=NOT(AORB)nAchievementofThreeMostBasicGatesnlDataRepresentationnSomeExplanationsofNoun.&ImportantConcepts(see:Noun.Explanation)nWhyBinary(Page9of03.pdf)Whydoweusebinary?Moderncomputersaredesignedtouseandmanagebinaryvaluesbecausethedevicesthatstor
23、eandmanagethedataarefarlessexpensiveandfarmorereliableiftheyonlyhavetorepresentoneoftwopossiblevalues.nComplement(RepresentationofNegativeValues)uHowtoexpressuHowtojudgeifOverflownCharacterSetuASCIIl8bitsperchar(256characters)lThefirst32charactersintheASC
24、IIcharacterchartdonothaveasimplecharacterrepresentationuUnicodel16bitsperchar(extendedversionofASCII)nCompression:uVideoCompression:Temporalcompression,SpatialcompressionNoun.ExplanationlNumberSystemnNaturalNumber(自然数):Zeroandanynumberobtainedbyrepeatedly
25、addingonetoit.nNegativeNumber(负数)nInteger(整数)nRationalNumber(有理数):AnintegerorthequotientoftwointegersnBase(基):即进制。如二进制：BASE2orBinaryBasenBinary,Octal,Decimal,Hexadecimal:二进制、八进制、十进制、十六进制nCarryValue(进位)nAddition,Subtraction:加法、减法nAlgorithm(算法)nQuotient:商；商
26、式（分数）lDataRepresentationnDataCompression(数据压缩):ReductionintheamountofspaceneededtostoreapieceofdatanCompressionRatio(压缩比率):Thesizeofthecompresseddatadividedbythesizeoftheoriginaldata
27、
28、Format:Compressed/OriginalnLoss
