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1、LINGUISTICSINPHILOSOPHY·.ZenoVendlerCornellUniversityPressIthacaandLondonCopyright©1'967byCornellUniversityAllrightsreserved.Exceptforbriefquotationsinareview,thisbook,orpartsthereof,mustnotbe-reproducedinanyformwithoutpermissioninwritingfromthepublisher.Forinformationaddress
2、CornellUniversityPress,124RobertsPlace,Ithaca,NewYork14850.Firstpublished1967:byCornellUniversityPressSecondprinting1968Thirdprinting1974PublishedintheUnitedKingdombyCornellUniversityPressLtd.,2-4BrookStreet,LondonW1Y11AAInternationalStandardBookNumber0-8014-0436-3LibraryofCo
3、ngressCatalogCardNumber67-18221PrintedintheUnitedStatesofAmericaForSemiramisUNIVERSITYUBflf�:RlESCARNEG!E-MELLCNUiHVEiSiTY('OI!Dr.l-1Pf-I�NS'!LIJ::NIA15212PrefaceThisworkisaprogressreport.Itcontainssevenessaysrepresentingthegradualintroductionofanewtechniqueintoanalyticphi
4、losophy.Theemergenceofthismethod,tomymind,isnothingbutthenaturalcontinuationofthelineofdevelopmentthatgoesthroughthephilosophersofordinarylanguagetoJ.L.Austin.Alongthislinetheappealtothefactsofournaturallanguage,whichisthecommonfeatureofthiswholeapproach,becomesmoreandmoresys
5、tematic.Thephilosophersofordinarylanguageusedthesefactsastheyfoundthemandastheyneededthemfortheirvariouspurposesinanintuitivefashion.Austintriedtoorganizethesefactsaccordingtoprinci-:piesofhisowninvention.Thepresentmethodconsistsinanappealtothefactsoflanguagealreadyorganizedb
6、ythescienceofstructurallinguistics.·Theessaysinthisbookwerewrittenintheyearsbetween1956and1965.Duringthisperiod,tobeexactfrom1952on,structurallinguisticsitselfwasrevolutionizedthroughthedevelopmentoftransformationalanalysis.[vii]PREFACEMyacquaintancewiththismethodgoesbackonly
7、to1959.Twoessays(containedinChapters3and4)hadbeencompletedbeforethattime,andtheremainingfive(containedinChapters6,7,5,r,and2,intheorderoftheircomposition)mirrorthegrowthoftheunderlyinglinguistictheory.Eachnewinsightintothesyntacticalstructureofthelanguageisboundtohaverepercus
8、sionsbeyondtheimmediatefieldofthediscovery.Accordingly,Inowfeelthatt
