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1、••theuniversityoflIllLi-rticuthbl,stxHQ504.E61909Originofthefamily,privateprop3T153DD7E7D31TVnINOTHEORIGINOFTHEFAMILYPRIVATEPROPERTYANDTHESTATEKTFREDERICK^ENGELS^TRANSLATEDBYERNESTUNTERMANNCHICAGOCHARLESH.KERR&COMPANY1909HQftCopyright,1902BtCharlesH.Kbrb&CohpaniTABLEOFCONTENTS.Pa
2、ge.Translator'sPreface5[Author'sPrefaces9-12IPrehistoricStages27iTheFamily35/^feeIroquoisGens102TheGrecianGens120OriginoftheAtticState131GensandStateinRome.'145TheGensAmongCeltsandGermans158TheRiseoftheStateAmongGermansoc.176TRANSLATOR'SPREFACE."Aneternalbeingcreatedhumansocietya
3、sitisto-day,andsubmissionto'superiors'and'authority'isImposedonthe'lower'classesbydivinewill."Thissuggestion,comingfrompulpit,platformandpress,hashypnotizedthemindsofmenandprovestobeoneofthestrongestpillarsofexploitation.Scientificin-vestigationhasrevealedlongagothathumansocietyi
4、snotcastinastereotypedmould.Asorganiclifeonearthassumesdifferentshapes,theresultofasuc-cessionofchemicalchanges,sothegrouplifeofhumanbeingsdevelopsdifferentsocialinstitutionsasaresultofincreasingcontroloverenvironment,espe-ciallyofproductionoffood,clothingandshelter.Suchisthemess
5、agewhichtheworksofmenlikeBachofen,Morgan,Marx,Darwin,andothers,broughttothehumanrace.Butthismessageneverreachedthegreatmassofhumanity.IntheUnitedStatesthenamesofthesemenarepracticallyunknown.Theirbooksareeitheroutofprint,asisthecasewiththefundamentalworksofMorgan,ortheyarenottran
6、slatedintoEnglish.Onlyafewofthemareac-cessibletoafewindividualsonthedustyshelvesofsomepubliclibraries.Theirmessageisdangeroustotheexistingorder,anditwillnotdotogiveitpub-licityatatimewhenfurtherintellectualprogressoflargebodiesofmenmeansthedoomoftherulingclass.Thecapitalistsystem
7、hasprogressedsofar,thatallfartherprogressmustbringdangertoitandtothosewhoaresupremethroughit.Buttheforces,whichhavebroughtaboutthepres-bTHEORIGINOFTHEFAMILYentsocialorder,continuetheirworkregardlessofthewishesofafewexploiters.Acomprehensiveworksummarizingourpresentknowledgeofthed
8、evelop-,mentofsocialinstitutionsis,there
