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1、AncientSocietyORResearchesintheLinesofHumanProgressfromSavagerythroughBarbarismtoCivilizationBYLEWISH.MORGAN,LL.D.MemberoftheNationalAcademyofSciences,Authorof"TheLeagueoftheIroquois","TheAmericanBeaverandMsWorks","SystemsofConsanguinityandAffinityoftheHumanFamily",Etc.*CHICAGOCHARLESH.KERR&CO
2、MPANYCO-OPERATIVECumprorepseruntprimisanimaliaterris,Mutumetturpepecus,glandematquecublliapropterUn&uibusetpugnis,delnfustlbua,atqueitaporroPugnabantarmis,quaepostfabricaveratusus:Doneeverba,quibusvocessensusquenotarent,Nominaqueinvenere:dehlncabsisterebello,Oppidacoeperuntmunire,etponereleges
3、,Nequisfuresset,neulatro,neuquisadulter.(Assoonasanimalscreptforthonthefirstlands,aspeech-lessanddegradedcrowd,theybattledfortheacornandfortheirlairswithclawsandfists,thenwithclubsandatlengthwitharms,whichafterwardspracticehadmade;untiltheylearnedtousewordsbywhichtoindicatevocalsoundsandthough
4、tsandtousenames.Afterthattheybegantorefrainfromwar,andfortifywalledtowns,andtolaydownlawsthatnooneshouldbeathief,norarobbernoranadulterer.)—Horace,Sat..I,lit,99."Modernscienceclaimstobeproving,bythemostcarefulandexhaustivestudyofmanandhisworks,thatourracebeganitsexistenceonearthatthebottomofth
5、escale,insteadofatthetop,andhasbeengraduallyworkingupward;thathumanpowershavehadahistoryofdevelopment;thatalltheele-mentsofculture—astheartsoflife,art,science,language,re-ligion,philosophy—havebeenwroughtoutbyslowandpainfulefforts,intlieconflictbetweenthesoulandthemindofmanontheonehand,andexte
6、rnalntureontheother."—Whitney's"OrientalandLinguisticStudies,"p.341."Thesecommunitiesreflectthespiritualconductofouran-cestorsthousandsoftimesremoved.Wehavepassedthroughthesamestagesofdevelopment,physicalandmoral,andarewhatweareto-daybecausetheylived,toiled,andendeavored.Ourwondrouscivilizatio
7、nIstheresultofthesilenteffortsofmillionsofunknownmen,asthechalkcliffsofEnglandare/ormedofthecontributionsofmyriadsofforaminifera."—Dr.J.Kaines,"Anthropologia,"vol.1,No.2,p.233.PREFACEThegreatantiquityofmankindupontheearthhasbeenconclusi
