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1、CORPORATIONAnAmericanWayofPoliticalWarfareAProposalCharlesT.Cleveland,RyanCrocker,DanielEgel,AndrewM.Liepman,DavidMaxwellPerspectiveExpertinsightsonatimelypolicyissueJuly2018Americancombatexperiencessince2001haverevealedstunningmilitarycapabilitiesandrepeatedtacticalsuccesses.YettheUnitedStat
2、eshasfailedtoachieveacceptableanddurablepoliticalarrangementsthatserveandprotectU.S.interests,suggestingthattherearefunda-mentalflawsinitsapproachtomodernwarfare.fteU.S.approachhasemphasizedexistingandlargelyconven-tionalmodelsandtools,makinglittleaccommodationforachang-ingadversaryanditsevolu
3、tiontowardnonconventionalmeans.1fteconsequencehasbeentroubledcampaignsinAfghanistanandIraq;againsttheIslamicState;andagainstvariousirregularforcesinSomalia,Yemen,Libya,andelsewhere.AndtheUnitedStatesisunpreparedtocontestthenonconventionalmeansbeingemployedbyrevisionist,revolutionary,androguepo
4、wers,whichtheU.S.NationalSecurityStrategyrecognizesasengagedin“fundamen-tallypoliticalcontests”employingablendofpolitical,economic,cyber,andmilitarytools.2ItistimefortheUnitedStatestoseriouslyconsiderdevelop-ingacapabilitytoorchestrateallrelevantelementsofU.S.nationalpowerinresponsetothesenon
5、conventionalthreats.Aneffectiveresponseisnecessarilyawhole-of-governmenteffortandwouldaugmenttheU.S.DepartmentofDefense(DoD)irregularwar-farecapability,withvitalrolesfortheCentralIntelligenceAgency(CIA),U.S.DepartmentofState(DoS),UnitedStatesAgencyforInternationalDevelopment(USAID),andotherint
6、eragencypart-ners.Andsuchacapabilitymustbeabletooperateinbothwarandinpeace,withtheleadagencydictatedbythecontext.WeproposetheestablishmentofanAmericanpoliticalwarfarecapability,withtheauthoritiesandknowledgetosynchronizeallelementsofnationalpowerincontestswithandwithoutarmedconflict.ftetermpol
7、iticalwarfareisperhapsnotideal,butthereisnobetter,simpletermtodescribethecapabilitythattheUnitedStatesrequires.3ftisAmericanwayofpoliticalwarfarewouldincludeboththeColdWarversionofpoliticalwarfare,withafocusonthemobilizationofallelement
