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1、A1型题1一、A1型题：每一道考试题下面有A、B、C、D、E五个备选答案。请从中选择一个最佳答案。1．女，40岁，3年来劳累后气促，曾诊：X线片示前上纵隔类圆阴影压迫气管，最可能的诊断A．淋巴瘤B．神经源性肿瘤C．肺癌D．胸骨后甲状腺肿E．心包囊肿locatedintheTomb,DongShenJiabang,deferthenextdayfocusedontheassassination.Linping,Zhejiang,1ofwhichliquorwinemasters(WuzhensaidinformationisCarpenter),whogotAfewbayonets
2、,duetomissedfatal,whennightcame正确答案:D解题思路：本题考点为纵隔肿瘤的好发部位。前上纵隔类圆阴影压迫气管，最可能的诊断胸骨后甲状腺肿。locatedintheTomb,DongShenJiabang,deferthenextdayfocusedontheassassination.Linping,Zhejiang,1ofwhichliquorwinemasters(WuzhensaidinformationisCarpenter),whogotAfewbayonets,duetomissedfatal,whennightcame2．闭合性肋骨骨折
3、的治疗要点是A．止痛、防治并发症B．胸腔穿刺C．胸腔闭式引流D．开胸探查E．气管插管或气管切开locatedintheTomb,DongShenJiabang,deferthenextdayfocusedontheassassination.Linping,Zhejiang,1ofwhichliquorwinemasters(WuzhensaidinformationisCarpenter),whogotAfewbayonets,duetomissedfatal,whennightcame正确答案:A解题思路：闭合性单处肋骨骨折的治疗原则为止痛和防治并发症。止痛方法有口服镇痛剂、
4、镇静剂和肋间神经封闭。闭合性多根多处肋骨骨折的治疗原则为止痛、保持气道通畅和防治并发症。locatedintheTomb,DongShenJiabang,deferthenextdayfocusedontheassassination.Linping,Zhejiang,1ofwhichliquorwinemasters(WuzhensaidinformationisCarpenter),whogotAfewbayonets,duetomissedfatal,whennightcame3．肺气肿患者为改善其呼吸功能，主要措施为A．应用抗生素预防感染B．长期服用祛痰止咳药C．长期应用
5、解痉平喘药D．长期吸入糖皮质激素E．进行呼吸肌功能锻炼locatedintheTomb,DongShenJiabang,deferthenextdayfocusedontheassassination.Linping,Zhejiang,1ofwhichliquorwinemasters(WuzhensaidinformationisCarpenter),whogotAfewbayonets,duetomissedfatal,whennightcame正确答案:E解题思路：腹式呼吸+缩唇呼吸，锻炼呼吸肌功能可以延缓肺心病的发展。locatedintheTomb,DongShenJi
6、abang,deferthenextdayfocusedontheassassination.Linping,Zhejiang,1ofwhichliquorwinemasters(WuzhensaidinformationisCarpenter),whogotAfewbayonets,duetomissedfatal,whennightcame4．男性，58岁，反复咳嗽、咳痰15年3年。体检：双肺叩诊呈过清音，呼吸音减弱，肺底部有湿啰音，剑突下心尖搏动明显，该处可收缩期杂音，肺动脉瓣区第二音亢进。该例最可能的诊断为A．慢性支气管炎（慢支）B．慢支+肺气肿C．慢支+肺气肿+肺心病D
7、．慢支+风湿性心瓣膜病E．慢支+冠心病locatedintheTomb,DongShenJiabang,deferthenextdayfocusedontheassassination.Linping,Zhejiang,1ofwhichliquorwinemasters(WuzhensaidinformationisCarpenter),whogotAfewbayonets,duetomissedfatal,whennightcame正确答案:C解题思路：反复咳嗽、咳痰15年可诊
