2材料科学基础英文版课件_(16)

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1、RoleofMaterialsDevelopmentintheIndustrialDevelopmentShenhuaSong(宋申华)DepartmentofMaterialsScienceandEngineeringOutlineIntroductionEffectofmaterialsdevelopmentontheautomotiveindustryEffectofmaterialsdevelopmentonthepowergenerationindustryEffectofmaterialsdevelopmentontheaeronautical

2、industryMaterialsarefundamentalsofhumanbeingcivilizationBronzeAge~2500yearsagoStoneAge~5000yearsagoIronAgeAfter~BC770Thehumanbeingsocietydevelopsinfightingthenature.Humancanmakeandusetools,butanimalscannot.ThisisthemaindifferencebetweenhumanbeingsandanimalsThetoolsaremadeofmateria

3、lsFirstIndustrialRevolutionTheFirstIndustrialRevolutionbeganinEnglandinthelate18thcentury,followinginthewakeofJamesWattandhissteamengineSteamengineshipSteamenginetrainSteamblastfurnaceinthemetallurgicalindustry)Steam-relatedmachinesinthecoalmineindustrySteamhammer,steamlathe,etc.i

4、nmechanicalindustrySecondIndustrialRevolutionTheSecondIndustrialRevolutionbeganinthelate19thcentury,characterizedbythefollowinginventionsElectricitygenerator(ACandDC)Motor(ACandDC)ElectriclightWirecommunication(Telephone)Wirelesscommunication(Telegram)TelevisionGasengine(Internalc

5、ombustionengine)ThirdIndustrialRevolutionTheThirdIndustrialRevolutionbeganinthelate20thcentury,characterizedbythefollowinginventionsModerncomputerInformationtechnologyNanotechnologyNetworkLasertechnologyModernaeronauticaltechnologySpacetechnology(Rocket,satellite,spaceship,etc.)De

6、velopmentoftheindustrieswhicharecloselyrelatedtoourmodernsociety,e.g.,theautomotiveindustry,thepowerindustry,andtheaeronauticalindustry,ismainlydeterminedbythedevelopmentofmaterialsResearchanddevelopment(R&D)ofadvancedmaterialsisameasureoftheprogressinscienceandtechnologyofacountr

7、yWastegasemissionfromvehiclesisoneofthemajorairpollutionsourcesinShenzhenWastegasemissionduetopowergenerationisalsooneofthemajorairpollutionsourcesinShenzhenEffectofmaterialsdevelopmentontheautomotiveindustryPollutionconsideration-~20%ofpollutionfromvehiclesindevelopedcountries-re

8、ducingemissionofwastegasbyreducin