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1、成功的钥匙WhenIwas27yearsold,Ileftaverydemandingjobinmanagementconsulting,forajobthatwasevenmoredemanding:teaching.IwenttoteachseventhgradesmathintheNewYorkCitypublicschools.Andlikeanyteacher,Imadequizzesandtests,igaveouthomeworkassignments.Whentheworkcameback,Icalculatedgrades.Whatstruckmewastha
2、tI.Q.wasnottheonlydifferencebetweenmybestandmyworststudents,someofmystrongestperformersdidnothavestratosphericI.Q.Scores,someofmysmartestkidsweren’tdoingsowell.Andthatgotmethinking,thekindsofthingsyouneedtolearninseventhgrademath,sure,they’rehard:ratios,decimals,theareaofaparallelogram,butth
3、eseconceptsarenotimpossible.AndIwasfirmlyconvincedthateveryoneofmystudentscouldlearnmaterialiftheyworkedhardandlongenough。在我27岁的时候，我辞去了一份非常有挑战性的职业-企业管理咨询，转而投入了一份更加具有挑战性的职业：教育。我来到纽约的一些公立学校教七年级学生数学，和别的老师一样，我会给同学们做小测试和考试，我会给他们布置家庭作业。当这些试卷和作业收上来之后，我计算了他们的成绩，让我震惊的是，I.Q的高低并不是我最好的和最差的学生之间唯一的差别，一些在课
4、业上表现很好的学生并不具有非常高的IQ分数，一些聪明的孩子反而在课业上表现的不那么尽如人意，这引起了我的思考。当然，学生们在七年级需要学习的东西，是有难度的，像比率，小数，平行四边形的面积计算，但是这些概念是完全可以掌握的，我坚信我的每一位学生都可以学会教材内容，只要他们肯花时间和精力的话。Afterseveralmoreyearsofteaching,Icametotheconclusionthatwhatweneedineducationisamuchbetterunderstandingofstudentsandlearningfromamotivationalpersp
5、ective,fromapsychologicalperspective.Ineducation,theonethingweknowhowtomeasurebestisI.Q.,butwhatifdoingwellinschoolandinlife,dependsonmuchmorethanyourabilitytolearnquicklyandeasily?SoIleftclassroom,andIwenttograduateschooltobecomeapsychologist.Istartedstudyingkidsandadultsinallkindsofsuperch
6、allengingsettings,andineverystudymyquestionwaswhoissuccessfulhereandwhy.MyresearchteamandIwenttoWestPointMilitaryAcademy,wetrytopredictwhichcadetswouldstayinmilitarytrainingandwhichwoulddropout.WewenttotheNationalSpellingBee,andtriedtopredictwhichchildrenwouldadvancefarthestincompetition.Wes
7、tudiedrookieteachersinreallytoughneighborhoods,askingwhichteachersarestillgoingtobehereinteachingbytheendoftheschoolyear.Andofthose,whowillbethemosteffectiveatimprovinglearningoutcomesfortheirstudents.Wepartneredwithprivatecompanies,askingwhichofth
