国际经济学 期末考试重点名词解释汇总（explanation of key terms in international economics final examination）

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1、国际经济学期末考试重点名词解释汇总（Explanationofkeytermsininternationaleconomicsfinalexamination）1.completespecialization:whentheopportunitycostisconstant,acountryproducesproductswithcomparativeadvantage.2.theopportunitycostisconstant:thequantityofanotherproductthatmustbeabandoned

2、every1unitsofacertainproductisfixed.3.exitbarriers:referstotheexistingenterprisesinthemarketprospectisnotgood,enterpriseperformanceisnotgoodwhenwanttoquittheindustry(market),butbecauseofvariousfactorsofobstruction,resourcescannotbesmoothlytransferredout4.FreeTrade

3、:freetradereferstothegovernmentdoesnotusetariffs,quotasorotherformsofinterventionininternationaltradepolicy5.internationaltradegains:referstothroughtheinternationaltradeobtainstheenhancementnationaleconomywelfarelevel,promotestheeconomicdevelopmenttheadvantageousr

4、esult6.thetheoryoflaborvalueisthetheorythatthecommodityvalueiscreatedbytheabstracthumanlabor,namely,theabstractlabor7.marginalcostincrease:thecostofunitproductriseswiththeincreaseofproduction8.mercantilism:1.Goldandsilverareequaltowealth(1)domestictradecannotincre

5、asethewealthofacountry,whileinternationaltradecanincreaseacountry'swealth;(2)internationaltradeisazerosumgame,becauseinternationalwealthwillnotincreaseTwo.Awardsandrestrictionsontheprotectionoftradepolicy(1)managingeconomicactivitiesbycontrollingproductionandlabor

6、;(2)implementlowwagepolicytoreduceproductcostThree.ExploittheinternationalmarketbyforceThe9.partisspecialization:trademeansthateachcountryispartlyspecializedtoproducegoodswithcomparativeadvantage.10.theprincipleofabsoluteadvantage:thetradebetweenthetwocountriesisb

7、asedontheabsolutedifferenceinproductioncostsbetweenthetwocountries.11.,theprincipleofcomparativeadvantageisthatevenifacountryisonanabsolutedisadvantagecomparedwithanothercountryinthetwocommodities,aslongasthedegreeofinferiorityintheproductionofthetwocommoditiesisd

8、ifferent,itstillhasthepossibilityofdivisionoflabor.Amongthem,thedominantcountriescanconcentrateresourcestoproducetheproductswithgreateradvantages,andthe