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时间:2018-08-08
《科技英语综合教程编写-教参(含课后答案).doc》由会员上传分享,免费在线阅读,更多相关内容在行业资料-天天文库。
1、科技英语综合教程辅导书Unit1SourcesofEnergyTextAPetroleumSentencestructureanalysis1.Insteadoforiginatinginaccumulatingwoodymatter,petroleummaybetheproductoftheaccumulatingfattymatterofoceanorganismssuchasplankton,themyriadsofsingle-celledcreaturesthatfloatinthesurfacelayeroftheocean.(Para.2)石
2、油,并不是来自于逐渐积聚的木质物质,而可能是来自于逐渐积聚的海洋生物的脂肪物质。比如浮游生物:大量浮游在海水表层的单细胞生物。这是一个简单句,主语petroleum,谓语动词maybe,表语product,构成句子主干。insteadof介词短语作状语,suchasplankton是product一词的同位语,themyriadsofsingle-celledcreaturesthatfloatinthesurfacelayeroftheocean是名词性短语,做plankton的同位语。2.Itisonlynecessarythattheorganism
3、ssettledownintotheoozeunderlyingshallowarmsoftheoceanunderconditionsofoxygenshortage.(Para.3)生物有机体只需在缺氧的条件下沉积到海湾浅水处的淤泥里。该句的框架为:itis+adj.+that从句,it做形式主语,真正的主语是that从句的内容。现在分词短语underlying…做后置定语修饰ooze。3.Towardtheendofthenineteenthcentury,however,enginesweredevelopedwhichwerepoweredbyt
4、heexplosionsofmixturesofairandinflammablevaporswithinthecylinders.(Para.9)然而,到19世纪末人们研制出了内燃机。内燃机是通过在汽缸里将空气与可燃气体混合,产生爆炸来提供动力的。该句为复合句,句子的主干是enginesaredeveloped,which引导的定语从句修饰先行词engines;towardtheendofthenineteenthcentury介词短语作时间状语。4.Suchinternalcombustionenginesaremorecompactthanearli
5、ersteamenginesandcanbemadetostartatamoment’snotice,whereassteamenginesrequireawaitingperiodwhilethewaterreservewarmstotheboilingpoint.(Para.10)这种内燃机与蒸汽机相比,机身小巧,可以瞬间启动;而蒸汽机需要一定时间,等待储水加热到沸点。该句是由whereas连接的并列句;在前一个分句中包含and连接的两个并列成分,而后一个分句中包含while引导的时间状语从句。5.Thereisanothercomplicationi
6、nthefactthatpetroleumisnotnearlysoevenlydistributedascoalis.(Para.14)还有另一种复杂情况,即石油的分布不如煤的分布均匀。该句的主句是Thereisanothercomplicationinthefact,that引导的是同位语从句,补充说明fact的内容。6.Kuwait,forinstance,whichisasmallnationattheheadofthePersianGulf,withanareaonlythree-fourthsthatofMassachusettsandapop
7、ulationofabouthalfamillion,possessesaboutone-fifthofalltheknownpetroleumreservesintheworld.(Para.15)例如,位于波斯湾岬角处的科威特,面积只有麻省的3/4那么大,人口只有50万,却拥有世界已知石油储量的1/5。该句为简单句,主语为Kuwait,谓语possesses,宾语aboutone-fifthofalltheknownpetroleumreservesintheworld。forinstance为插入语,举例说明;whichisasmallnationa
8、ttheheadofthePersianGulf是一个由which
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