unix命令大全 - ubuntu中文

《unix命令大全 - ubuntu中文》由会员上传分享，免费在线阅读，更多相关内容在行业资料-天天文库。

Unix命令大全-Ubuntu中文Unix鍛戒护澶у叏-Ubuntu涓枃UbuntuForumWikiLinuxBlogPasteChat鎼滅储椤甸潰璁ㄨ缂栬緫鍘嗗彶绠€浣撶箒浣?瀵艰埅棣栭〉鏈€杩戞洿鏀?闅忔満椤甸潰椤甸潰鍒嗙被甯姪缂栬緫缂栬緫鎸囧崡娌欑洅褰撳墠浜嬩欢 瀛楄瘝澶勭悊宸ュ叿绠?閾惧叆椤甸潰閾惧嚭鏇存敼鎵€鏈夌壒娈婇〉闈?涓汉宸ュ叿鐧诲綍Unix鍛戒护澶у叏鍑鸿嚜Ubuntu涓枃鏉ユ簮锛?http://forum.ubuntu.org.cn/weblog.php?w=926鐩綍[闅愯棌]1鐧诲綍宸ヤ綔绔?1.1閫忚繃PC鐧诲綍宸ヤ綔绔?1.2鐧诲綍姝ラ1.3鐧诲嚭姝ラ1.4鏇存敼甯愬彿瀵嗙爜1.5鍦ㄧ嚎甯姪鎸囦护璇存槑1.6杩涘叆杩滅鐢佃剳绯荤粺2鏂囦欢鎴栫洰褰曞鐞?2.1鍒楀嚭鏂囦欢鎴栫洰褰曚笅涔嬫枃浠跺悕绉?2.2鐩綍涔嬬缉鍐欙細2.3鏀瑰彉宸ヤ綔鐩綍浣嶇疆2.4澶嶅埗鏂囦欢 2.5绉诲姩鎴栨洿鏀规枃浠躲€佺洰褰曞悕绉?2.6寤虹珛鏂扮洰褰?2.7鍒犻櫎鐩綍2.8鍒犻櫎鏂囦欢2.9鏂囦欢鍚嶇殑缂╁啓绗﹀彿2.10鍒楀嚭鐩墠鎵€鍦ㄤ箣鐩綍浣嶇疆2.11鏌ョ湅鏂囦欢鍐呭2.12鏌ョ湅鐩綍鎵€鍗犵鐩樺閲?2.13鏌ョ湅鑷繁鐨?diskquota浣跨敤鐘跺喌3鏂囦欢浼犺緭3.1鎷疯礉鏂囦欢鎴栫洰褰曡嚦杩滅宸ヤ綔绔?3.2鑷繙绔伐浣滅珯锛屾嫹璐濇枃浠舵垨鐩綍3.3鏈湴宸ヤ綔绔欎笌杩滅宸ヤ綔绔欎箣闂存枃浠朵紶杈?4鏂囦欢妯″紡涔嬭瀹?4.1鏀瑰彉鏂囦欢鎴栫洰褰曚箣璇汇€佸啓銆佹墽琛屼箣鍏佽鏉?4.2鏀瑰彉鏂囦欢鎴栫洰褰曚箣鎷ユ湁鏉?4.3妫€鏌ヨ嚜宸辨墍灞炰箣缇ょ粍鍚嶇О4.4鏀瑰彉鏂囦欢鎴栫洰褰曚箣缇ょ粍鎷ユ湁鏉?4.5鏀瑰彉鏂囦欢鎴栫洰褰曚箣鏈€鍚庝慨鏀规椂闂?4.6鏂囦欢涔嬭繛缁?4.7鏂囦欢涔嬪瓧涓叉壘瀵?4.8鎵惧鏂囦欢鎴栧懡浠や箣璺緞4.9姣旇緝鏂囦欢鎴栫洰褰曚箣鍐呭4.10鏂囦欢鎵撳嵃杈撳嚭4.11涓€鑸枃浠朵箣鎵撳嵃4.12troff鏂囦欢涔嬫墦鍗?5鎵撳嵃鏈烘帶鍒跺懡浠?5.1妫€鏌ユ墦鍗版満鐘舵€侊紝鍙婃墦鍗板伐浣滈『搴忕紪鍙峰拰浣跨敤鑰呭悕绉? 5.2鍒犻櫎鎵撳嵃鏈哄唴涔嬫墦鍗板伐浣?(浣跨敤鑰呬粎鍙垹闄よ嚜宸辩殑鎵撳嵃宸ヤ綔)6Job涔嬫帶鍒?6.1鏌ョ湅绯荤粺涔?process6.2缁撴潫鎴栫粓姝?process6.3鍦?background鎵цprocess鐨勬柟寮?6.4鏌ョ湅姝ｅ湪background涓墽琛岀殑process6.5缁撴潫鎴栫粓姝㈠湪background涓殑process7shellvariable7.1鏌ョ湅shellvariable涔嬭瀹氬€?7.2璁惧畾shellvariable7.3鍒犻櫎shellvariable8environmentvariable8.1鏌ョ湅environmentvariable涔嬭瀹氬€?8.2璁惧畾environmentvariable8.3鍒犻櫎environmentvariable9alias9.1鏌ョ湅鎵€瀹氫箟鐨勫懡浠や箣alias9.2瀹氫箟鍛戒护涔?alias9.3鍒犻櫎鎵€瀹氫箟涔?alias10history10.1璁惧畾鍛戒护璁板綍琛ㄤ箣闀垮害10.2鏌ョ湅鍛戒护璁板綍琛ㄤ箣鍐呭10.3浣跨敤鍛戒护璁板綍琛?10.4鏄剧ず鍓嶄竴涓懡浠や箣鍐呭10.5鏇存敼鍓嶄竴鍛戒护涔嬪唴瀹瑰苟鎵ц涔?11璧勬枡涔嬪帇缂?11.1鍘嬬缉璧勬枡12pipe-line涔嬩娇鐢?13I/Ocontrol13.1鏍囧噯杈撳叆涔嬫帶鍒? 13.2鏍囧噯杈撳嚭涔嬫帶鍒?14鏌ョ湅绯荤粺涓殑浣跨敤鑰?15鏀瑰彉鑷繁鐨?username杩涘叆鍏朵粬浣跨敤鑰呯殑甯愬彿锛屾嫢鏈夊叾浣跨敤鏉冨埄銆?16鏌ョ湅username17鏌ョ湅鐩墠鏈湴鎵€鏈夊伐浣滅珯鐨勪娇鐢ㄨ€?18涓庢煇宸ヤ綔绔欎笂鐨勪娇鐢ㄨ€呬氦璋?19妫€鏌ヨ繙绔數鑴戠郴缁熸槸鍚︽甯?20鐢靛瓙閭欢(E-mail)鐨勪娇鐢ㄧ畝浠?20.1灏嗘枃浠跺綋鍋?E-mail鐨勫唴瀹归€佸嚭20.2浼犻€?E-mail缁欐湰鍦颁娇鐢ㄨ€?20.3浼犻€?E-mail鑷?澶栧湴20.4妫€鏌ユ墍浼犻€佷箣E-mail鏄惁閫佸嚭锛屾垨婊炵暀浜庢湰鎵€涔嬮偖浠朵己鏈嶇珯涓?20.5璇诲彇淇′欢20.6鏈枃鍐呭澶х翰20.7杩涘叆vi20.8绂诲紑vi20.9vi鐨勬搷浣滄ā寮?20.10杈撳叆妯″紡20.11鎸囦护妯″紡20.12瑙嗙獥鐨勭Щ鍔?20.13鍒犻櫎銆佸鍒跺強淇敼鎸囦护浠嬬粛(姝ゅ崟鍏冭緝灏戜娇鐢?20.14鍒犻櫎涓庝慨鏀?20.15绉诲姩涓庡鍒?20.16鎸囦护閲嶅20.17鍙栨秷鍓嶄竴鍔ㄤ綔(Undo)20.18鎼滃20.19璧勬枡鐨勮繛鎺?20.20鐜鐨勮瀹? 20.21ex鎸囦护20.22鎭㈠缂栬緫鏃惰涓柇鐨勬枃浠?20.23缂栬緫澶氫釜鏂囦欢[缂栬緫]鐧诲綍宸ヤ綔绔?[缂栬緫]閫忚繃PC鐧诲綍宸ヤ綔绔?鎵ц鏍煎紡锛歵elnethostname(鍦?dos涓嬫墽琛?telnetip-addressExample:telnetdoctelnet140.122.77.120娉?鍙埄鐢ㄦ寚浠?arphostname鎴?arpdomain_name鏌ヨip_address[缂栬緫]鐧诲綍姝ラlogin:_______>杈撳叆usernamepassword:_______>杈撳叆瀵嗙爜[缂栬緫]鐧诲嚭姝ラ%logout鎴?%exit鎴?%鎴栨寜[Ctrl-D]sdsfsdfsdfsdfsdfsdfsdf[缂栬緫]鏇存敼甯愬彿瀵嗙爜%yppasswd>鎵ц鍚庡皢浼氬嚭鐜颁笅鍒椾俊鎭?ChangingNISpasswordforuseronice.Oldpassword:______>杈撳叆鏃у瘑鐮?Newpassword:______>杈撳叆鏂板瘑鐮?鏈€濂?-8瀛楋紝鑻辨枃瀛楁瘝涓庢暟瀛楁贩鍚?Retypenewpassword:______>鍐嶈緭鍏ヤ竴娆″瘑鐮?[缂栬緫]鍦ㄧ嚎甯姪鎸囦护璇存槑鎵ц鏍煎紡锛?mancommand-nameExample:%manls[缂栬緫]杩涘叆杩滅鐢佃剳绯荤粺鎵ц鏍煎紡锛歳loginhostname[-1username]Example:fdfd%rlogindocremotelogin杩涘叆宸ヤ綔绔?doc涓 €?%rlogindoc-luser浣跨敤user甯愬彿杩涘叆宸ヤ綔绔?doc涓€?鎵ц鏍煎紡锛歵elnethostname鎴?telnetIPaddressExample:%telnetdocor%telnet140.109.20.251[缂栬緫]鏂囦欢鎴栫洰褰曞鐞?[缂栬緫]鍒楀嚭鏂囦欢鎴栫洰褰曚笅涔嬫枃浠跺悕绉?鎵ц鏍煎紡锛?ls[-atFlgR][name](name鍙负鏂囦欢鍚嶆垨鐩綍鍚嶇О銆?Example:ls鍒楀嚭鐩墠鐩綍涓嬩箣鏂囦欢鍚嶃€?ls鈥揳鍒楀嚭鍖呭惈浠?璧峰鐨勯殣钘忔。鎵€鏈夋枃浠跺悕銆?ls鈥搕渚濈収鏂囦欢鏈€鍚庝慨鏀规椂闂翠箣椤哄簭锛屼緷搴忓垪鍑烘枃浠跺悕銆?ls鈥揊鍒楀嚭鐩墠鐩綍涓嬩箣鏂囦欢鍚嶅強鍏剁被鍨嬨€傗€?鈥?缁撳熬琛ㄧず涓虹洰褰曞悕绉帮紝鈥?鈥?缁撳熬琛ㄧず涓烘墽琛屾。锛屸€滰鈥?缁撳熬琛ㄧず涓?symbliclink銆?ls鈥搇鍒楀嚭鐩綍涓嬫墍鏈夋枃浠朵箣璁稿彲鏉冦€佹嫢鏈夎€呫€佹枃浠跺ぇ灏忋€佷慨鏀规椂闂村強鍚嶇О銆?ls鈥搇g鍚屼笂锛屽苟鏄剧ず鍑烘枃浠朵箣鎷ユ湁鑰呯兢缁勫悕绉般€?ls鈥揜鏄剧ず鍑虹洰褰曚笅锛屼互鍙婂叾鎵€鏈夊瓙鐩綍涔嬫枃浠跺悕銆?recursivelisting)[缂栬緫]鐩綍涔嬬缉鍐欙細锝?浣跨敤鑰?login鏃剁殑workingdirectory(璧峰鐩綍)锝瀠sername鎸囧畾鏌愪綅user鐨?workingdirectory(璧峰鐩綍).鐩墠鐨勫伐浣滅洰褰?(currentworkingdirectory)..鐩墠鐩綍鐨勪笂涓€灞傜洰褰?(parentofworkingdirectory) [缂栬緫]鏀瑰彉宸ヤ綔鐩綍浣嶇疆鎵ц鏍煎紡锛歝d[name]锛歯ame鍙负鐩綍鍚嶇О銆佽矾寰勬垨鐩綍缂╁啓銆?Example:cd鏀瑰彉鐩綍浣嶇疆锛岃嚦浣跨敤鑰?login鏃剁殑workingdirectory(璧峰鐩綍)銆?cddir1鏀瑰彉鐩綍浣嶇疆锛岃嚦dir1涔嬬洰褰曚綅缃笅銆?cd~user鏀瑰彉鐩綍浣嶇疆锛岃嚦浣跨敤鑰呯殑workingdirectory(璧峰鐩綍)銆?cd..鏀瑰彉鐩綍浣嶇疆锛岃嚦鐩墠鐩綍鐨勪笂灞?鍗?parentofworkingdirectory)cd../user鏀瑰彉鐩綍浣嶇疆锛岃嚦鐩稿璺緞user涔嬬洰褰曚綅缃笅銆?cd/../..鏀瑰彉鐩綍浣嶇疆锛岃嚦缁濆璺緞(Fullpath)涔嬬洰褰曚綅缃笅銆?[缂栬緫]澶嶅埗鏂囦欢鎵ц鏍煎紡:cp[-r]sourcedestinationExample:cpfile1file2灏嗘枃浠?file1澶嶅埗鎴?file2cpfile1dir1灏嗘枃浠?file1澶嶅埗鍒扮洰褰?dir1涓嬶紝鏂囦欢鍚嶄粛涓?file1銆?cp/tmp/file1灏嗙洰褰?/tmp涓嬬殑鏂囦欢file1澶嶅埗鍒扮幇琛岀洰褰曚笅锛屾枃浠跺悕浠嶄负file1銆?cp/tmp/file1file2灏嗙洰褰?/tmp涓嬬殑鏂囦欢file1澶嶅埗鍒扮幇琛岀洰褰曚笅锛屾枃浠跺悕涓?file2cp-rdir1dir2(recursivecopy)澶嶅埗鏁翠釜鐩綍銆傝嫢鐩綍dir2瀛樺湪锛屽垯灏嗙洰褰?dir1锛屽強鍏舵墍鏈夋枃浠跺拰瀛愮洰褰曪紝澶嶅埗鍒扮洰褰?dir2涓嬶紝鏂扮洰褰曞悕绉颁负dir1銆傝嫢鐩綍dir2涓嶅瓨鍦紝鍒欏皢dir1锛屽強鍏舵墍鏈夋枃浠跺拰瀛愮洰褰曪紝澶嶅埗涓虹洰褰?dir2銆? [缂栬緫]绉诲姩鎴栨洿鏀规枃浠躲€佺洰褰曞悕绉?鎵ц鏍煎紡锛?mvsourcedestinationExample:mvfile1file2灏嗘枃浠?file1锛屾洿鏀规枃浠跺悕涓?file2銆?mvfile1dir1灏嗘枃浠?file1锛岀Щ鍒扮洰褰?dir1涓嬶紝鏂囦欢鍚嶄粛涓?file1銆?mvdir1dir2鑻ョ洰褰?dir2瀛樺湪锛屽垯灏嗙洰褰?dir1锛屽強鍏舵墍鏈夋枃浠跺拰瀛愮洰褰曪紝绉诲埌鐩綍dir2涓嬶紝鏂扮洰褰曞悕绉颁负dir1銆傝嫢鐩綍dir2涓嶅瓨鍦紝鍒欏皢dir1锛屽強鍏舵墍鏈夋枃浠跺拰瀛愮洰褰曪紝鏇存敼涓虹洰褰?dir2銆?[缂栬緫]寤虹珛鏂扮洰褰?鎵ц鏍煎紡锛?mkdirdirectory-nameExmaple锛?mkdirdir1寤虹珛涓€鏂扮洰褰?dir1銆?[缂栬緫]鍒犻櫎鐩綍鎵ц鏍煎紡锛?rmdirdirectory-name鎴?rm-rdirectory-nameExample锛?rmdirdir1鍒犻櫎鐩綍dir1锛屼絾dir1涓嬪繀椤绘病鏈夋枃浠跺瓨鍦紝鍚﹀垯鏃犳硶鍒犻櫎銆?rm-rdir1鍒犻櫎鐩綍dir1锛屽強鍏朵笅鎵€鏈夋枃浠跺強瀛愮洰褰曘€?[缂栬緫]鍒犻櫎鏂囦欢鎵ц鏍煎紡锛?rmfilename(filename鍙负鏂囦欢鍚嶏紝鎴栨枃浠跺悕缂╁啓绗﹀彿銆?Example锛?rmfile1鍒犻櫎鏂囦欢鍚嶄负file1涔嬫枃浠躲€?rmfile?鍒犻櫎鏂囦欢鍚嶄腑鏈変簲涓瓧绗︼紝鍓嶅洓涓瓧绗︿负file涔嬫墍鏈夋枃浠躲€?rmf*鍒犻櫎鏂囦欢鍚嶄腑锛屼互f涓哄瓧棣栦箣鎵€鏈夋枃浠躲€?rm-rffile鍒犻櫎鍚嶄负file鐨勬枃浠跺す鍙婂叾閲岄潰鐨勫唴瀹? [缂栬緫]鏂囦欢鍚嶇殑缂╁啓绗﹀彿?浠ｈ〃鏂囦欢鍚嶇О涓箣鍗曚竴瀛楃銆?浠ｈ〃鏂囦欢鍚嶇О涓箣涓€瀛椾覆銆?[缂栬緫]鍒楀嚭鐩墠鎵€鍦ㄤ箣鐩綍浣嶇疆鎵ц鏍煎紡锛?pwd[缂栬緫]鏌ョ湅鏂囦欢鍐呭鎵ц鏍煎紡锛?catfilenameExample锛?catfile1浠ヨ繛缁樉绀烘柟寮忥紝鏌ョ湅鏂囦欢鍚?file1涔嬪唴瀹广€?鎵ц鏍煎紡锛?morefilename鎴?catfilename|moreExample锛?morefile1浠ュ垎椤垫柟寮忥紝鏌ョ湅鏂囦欢鍚?file1涔嬪唴瀹广€?catfile1|more鍚屼笂銆?[缂栬緫]鏌ョ湅鐩綍鎵€鍗犵鐩樺閲?鎵ц鏍煎紡:du[-s]directoryExample:dudir1鏄剧ず鐩綍dir1鐨勬€诲閲忓強鍏舵鐩綍鐨勫閲?浠?kbyte涓哄閲?銆?du-sdir1鏄剧ず鐩綍dir1鐨勬€诲閲忋€?[缂栬緫]鏌ョ湅鑷繁鐨?diskquota浣跨敤鐘跺喌diskquota:宸ヤ綔绔欑鐩樼┖闂寸殑浣跨敤闄愰銆?鎵ц鏍煎紡:quota-vExample:quota-v灏嗕細鏄剧ず涓嬪垪淇℃伅Filesystemusagequotalimittimeleftfilesquotalimittimelef./home/ice/u0193448192122881.9days16000鏍忎綅瑙ｈ:usage:鐩墠鐨勭鐩樼敤閲忋€?quota:浣犵殑纾佺洏浣跨敤棰濆害銆傚綋浣犵殑usage瓒呰繃quota鏃讹紝铏界劧鍙互缁х画浣跨敤锛屼絾鏄 繀椤讳竷澶╀箣鍐呴檷鍒?quota浠ヤ笅锛屽惁鍒欏嵆浣跨敤閲忔病鏈夎秴limit(鏈€楂橀檺棰?锛屼篃鏃犳硶鍐嶅啓鍏ユ垨澶嶅埗浠讳綍鏂囦欢銆?limit:鏈€楂樹娇鐢ㄩ搴︺€傚綋浣犵殑usage杈惧埌limit鏃讹紝鏃犳硶鍐嶅啓鍏ユ垨澶嶅埗浠讳綍鏂囦欢銆?[缂栬緫]鏂囦欢浼犺緭[缂栬緫]鎷疯礉鏂囦欢鎴栫洰褰曡嚦杩滅宸ヤ綔绔?鎵ц鏍煎紡锛?rcp[-r]sourcehostname:destinationsource鍙负鏂囦欢鍚嶃€佺洰褰曞悕鎴栬矾寰勶紝hostname涓哄伐浣滅珯绔欏悕锛宒estination涓鸿矾寰勫悕绉?Example锛?rcpfile1doc:/home/user灏嗘枃浠?file1锛屾嫹璐濆埌宸ヤ綔绔?doc璺緞/home/user涔嬬洰褰曚笅銆?rcp-rdir1doc:/home/user灏嗙洰褰?dir1锛屾嫹璐濆埌宸ヤ綔绔?doc璺緞/home/user涔嬬洰褰曚笅銆?[缂栬緫]鑷繙绔伐浣滅珯锛屾嫹璐濇枃浠舵垨鐩綍鎵ц鏍煎紡锛?rcp[-r]hostname:sourcedestination(hostname涓哄伐浣滅珯鍚嶏紝source涓鸿矾寰勫悕锛宒estination鍙负鏂囦欢鍚嶃€佺洰褰曞悕鎴栬矾寰?)銆?Example锛?rcpdoc:/home/user/file1file2灏嗗伐浣滅珯doc涓紝浣嶄簬/home/user鐩綍涓嬩箣鐩綍dir1锛屾嫹璐濆埌鐩墠宸ヤ綔绔欎箣鐩綍涓嬶紝鐩綍鍚嶇О浠嶄负dir1銆?rcp-rdoc:.灏嗗伐浣滅珯iis1涓紝浣嶄簬/home/user鐩綍涓嬩箣鐩綍dir1锛屾嫹璐濆埌鐩墠宸ヤ綔绔欎箣鐩綍涓嬬洰褰曞悕绉颁粛涓?dir1銆?[缂栬緫]鏈湴宸ヤ綔绔欎笌杩滅宸ヤ綔绔欎箣闂存枃浠朵紶杈?(蹇呴』鎷ユ湁杩滅宸ヤ綔绔欎箣甯愬彿鍙婂瘑鐮侊紝鎵嶅彲杩涜浼犺緭宸ヤ綔)鎵ц鏍煎紡锛?ftphostnameorftpip_address Example锛?ftpdoc涓庤繙绔伐浣滅珯doc锛岃繘琛屾枃浠朵紶杈?Name(doc:user-name):杈撳叆甯愬彿Password(doc:user-name):杈撳叆瀵嗙爜ftp>help鍒楀嚭ftp鏂囦欢浼犺緭锛屽彲浣跨敤涔嬩换浣曞懡浠ゃ€?ftp>!ls鍒楀嚭鏈湴宸ヤ綔绔欙紝鐩墠鐩綍涓嬩箣鎵€鏈夋枃浠跺悕銆?ftp>!pwd鍒楀嚭鏈湴宸ヤ綔绔欙紝鐩墠鎵€鍦ㄤ箣宸ヤ綔鐩綍浣嶇疆銆?ftp>ls鍒楀嚭杩滅宸ヤ綔绔欑洰鍓嶇洰褰曚笅涔嬫墍鏈夋枃浠跺悕銆?ftp>dir鍒楀嚭杩滅宸ヤ綔绔欑洰鍓嶇洰褰曚笅涔嬫墍鏈夋枃浠跺悕(鐣ュ悓浜?UNIX鐨?ls-l鎸囦护).ftp>dir.|more鍚屼笂锛屼絾姣忛〉浼氭殏鍋?鍙兘涓嶉€傜敤Unix浠ュ鐨?ftp)銆?ftp>pwd鍒楀嚭杩滅宸ヤ綔绔欑洰鍓嶆墍鍦ㄤ箣鐩綍浣嶇疆銆?ftp>cddir1鏇存敼杩滅宸ヤ綔绔欎箣宸ヤ綔鐩綍浣嶇疆鑷?dir1涔嬩笅銆?ftp>getfile1灏嗚繙绔伐浣滅珯涔嬫枃浠?file1锛屾嫹璐濆埌鏈湴宸ヤ綔绔欎腑銆?ftp>putfile2灏嗘湰鍦板伐浣滅珯涔嬫枃浠?file2锛屾嫹璐濆埌杩滅宸ヤ綔绔欎腑銆?ftp>mget*.c灏嗚繙绔伐浣滅珯涓紝鍓枃浠跺悕涓?c涔嬫墍鏈夋枃浠讹紝鎷疯礉鍒版湰鍦板伐浣滅珯涓€?ftp>mput*.txt灏嗘湰鍦板伐浣滅珯涓紝鍓枃浠跺悕涓?txt涔嬫墍鏈夋枃浠讹紝鎷疯礉杩滅宸ヤ綔绔欎腑銆?ftp>prompt鍒囨崲浜よ皥寮忔寚浠?浣跨敤mput/mget鏃朵笉鐢ㄦ瘡涓枃浠剁殕璇㈤棶yes/no)銆?ftp>quit缁撴潫ftp宸ヤ綔銆?ftp>bye缁撴潫ftp宸ヤ綔銆? 娉?浠嶱C涓庡伐浣滅珯闂寸殑鏂囦欢浼犺緭涔熷彲閫忚繃鍦?PC绔殑FTP鎸囦护杩涜鏂囦欢浼犺緭锛屾寚浠ょ敤娉曚笌涓婃墍杩板ぇ鑷寸浉鍚屻€?[缂栬緫]鏂囦欢妯″紡涔嬭瀹?[缂栬緫]鏀瑰彉鏂囦欢鎴栫洰褰曚箣璇汇€佸啓銆佹墽琛屼箣鍏佽鏉?鎵ц鏍煎紡锛歝hmod[-R]modename(name鍙负鏂囦欢鍚嶆垨鐩綍鍚?mode鍙负3涓?8浣嶅厓涔嬫暟瀛楋紝鎴栧埄鐢╨s-l鍛戒护锛屽垪鍑烘枃浠舵垨鐩綍涔嬭銆佸啓銆佹墽琛屽厑璁告潈涔嬫枃瀛楃缉鍐欍€?mode:rwxrwxrwxr:readw:writex:executeusergroupother缂╁啓:(u)(g)(o)Example:%chmod755dir1灏嗙洰褰昫ir1锛岃瀹氭垚浠讳綍浣跨敤鑰咃紝鐨嗘湁璇诲彇鍙婃墽琛屼箣鏉冨埄锛屼絾鍙湁鎷ユ湁鑰呭彲鍋氫慨鏀广€?%chmod700file1灏嗘枃浠秄ile1锛岃瀹氬彧鏈夋嫢鏈夎€呭彲浠ヨ銆佸啓鍜屾墽琛屻€?%chmodo+xfile2灏嗘枃浠秄ile2锛屽鍔犳嫢鏈夎€呭彲浠ユ墽琛屼箣鏉冨埄銆?%chmodg+xfile3灏嗘枃浠秄ile3锛屽鍔犵兢缁勪娇鐢ㄨ€呭彲鎵ц涔嬫潈鍒┿€?%chmodo-rfile4灏嗘枃浠秄ile4锛岄櫎鍘诲叾瀹冧娇鐢ㄨ€呭彲璇诲彇涔嬫潈鍒┿€?[缂栬緫]鏀瑰彉鏂囦欢鎴栫洰褰曚箣鎷ユ湁鏉?鎵ц鏍煎紡锛歝hown[-R]usernamename(name鍙负鏂囦欢鍚嶆垨鐩綍鍚嶃€?Example锛?%chownuserfile1灏嗘枃浠?file1涔嬫嫢鏈夋潈锛屾敼涓轰娇鐢ㄨ€?user鎵€鏈夈€? %chown-Ruserdir1灏嗙洰褰?dir1锛屽強鍏朵笅鎵€鏈夋枃浠跺拰瀛愮洰褰曚箣鎷ユ湁鏉冿紝鏀逛负浣跨敤鑰?user鎵€鏈夈€?[缂栬緫]妫€鏌ヨ嚜宸辨墍灞炰箣缇ょ粍鍚嶇О鎵ц鏍煎紡锛歡roups[缂栬緫]鏀瑰彉鏂囦欢鎴栫洰褰曚箣缇ょ粍鎷ユ湁鏉?鎵ц鏍煎紡锛歝hgrp[-R]groupnamename(name鍙负鏂囦欢鍚嶆垨鐩綍鍚?)Example:%chgrpvlsifile1灏嗘枃浠?file1涔嬬兢缁勬嫢鏈夋潈锛屾敼涓?vlsi缇ょ粍銆?%chgrp-Rimagedir1灏嗙洰褰昫ir1锛屽強鍏朵笅鎵€鏈夋枃浠跺拰瀛愮洰褰曪紝鏀逛负image缇ょ粍銆?[缂栬緫]鏀瑰彉鏂囦欢鎴栫洰褰曚箣鏈€鍚庝慨鏀规椂闂?鎵ц鏍煎紡锛歵ouchname(name鍙负鏂囦欢鎴栫洰褰曞悕绉般€?[缂栬緫]鏂囦欢涔嬭繛缁?鍚屼竴鏂囦欢锛屽彲鎷ユ湁涓€涓互涓婁箣鍚嶇О锛屽彲灏嗘枃浠跺仛鏁颁釜杩炵粨銆?鎵ц鏍煎紡锛歭noldnamenewname(Hardlink)Example锛?lnfile1file2銆€銆€灏嗗悕绉?file2锛岃繛缁撹嚦鏂囦欢file1銆?鎵ц鏍煎紡锛歭n-soldnamenewname(Symblicklink)Example锛?ln-sfile3file4銆€灏嗗悕绉?file4锛岃繛缁撹嚦鏂囦欢file3銆?[缂栬緫]鏂囦欢涔嬪瓧涓叉壘瀵?鎵ц鏍煎紡锛歡repstringfileExample锛?grepabcfile1瀵绘壘鏂囦欢file1涓紝鍒楀嚭瀛椾覆abc 鎵€鍦ㄤ箣鏁磋鏂囧瓧鍐呭銆?[缂栬緫]鎵惧鏂囦欢鎴栧懡浠や箣璺緞鎵ц鏍煎紡锛歸hereiscommand(鏄剧ず鍛戒护涔嬭矾寰勩€?鎵ц鏍煎紡锛歸hichcommand(鏄剧ず鍛戒护涔嬭矾寰勶紝鍙婁娇鐢ㄨ€呮墍瀹氫箟涔嬪埆鍚嶃€?鎵ц鏍煎紡锛歸hatiscommand(鏄剧ず鍛戒护鍔熻兘涔嬫憳瑕併€?鎵ц鏍煎紡锛歠indsearch-path-namefilename-print(鎼滃鎸囧畾璺緞涓嬶紝鏌愭枃浠朵箣璺緞銆?Example锛?%find/-namefile1-print(鑷牴鐩綍涓嬶紝瀵绘壘鏂囦欢鍚嶄负file1涔嬭矾寰勩€?[缂栬緫]姣旇緝鏂囦欢鎴栫洰褰曚箣鍐呭鎵ц鏍煎紡锛歞iff[-r]name1name2(name1name2鍙悓鏃朵负鏂囦欢鍚嶏紝鎴栫洰褰曞悕绉般€?Example:%difffile1file2姣旇緝鏂囦欢file1涓?file2鍐咃紝鍚勮涔嬩笉鍚屽銆?%diff-rdir1dir2姣旇緝鐩綍dir1涓?dir2鍐咃紝鍚勬枃浠朵箣涓嶅悓澶勩€?[缂栬緫]鏂囦欢鎵撳嵃杈撳嚭浣跨敤鑰呭彲鐢?.login妗ｄ腑涔?setenvPRINTER锛屾潵璁惧畾鎵撳嵃璧勬枡鏃剁殑鎵撳嵃鏈哄悕銆?printername:sp1鎴?sp2Example锛?%setenvPRINTERsp2璁惧畾鑷?sp2鎵撳嵃璧勬枡銆?[缂栬緫]涓€鑸枃浠朵箣鎵撳嵃鎵ц鏍煎紡锛歭pr[-Pprinter-name]filename%lprfile1鎴?lpr-Psp2file1鑷猻p2锛屾墦鍗版枃浠?file1銆?鎵ц鏍煎紡锛歟nscript[-Pprinter-name]filename%enscriptfile3鎴?enscript-Psp1file3 鑷猻p1锛?鎵撳嵃鏂囦欢file3銆?[缂栬緫]troff鏂囦欢涔嬫墦鍗?鎵ц鏍煎紡锛歱troff[-Pprinter-name][-man][-ms]filename%ptroff-man/usr/local/man/man1/ptroff.1浠?troff鏍煎紡锛岃嚜Applelaserwriter鎵撳嵃ptroff鍛戒护涔嬩娇鐢ㄨ鏄庛€?%ptroff-Psp2-man/usr/man/man1/lpr1浠?troff鏍煎紡锛岃嚜sp2鎵撳嵃lpr鍛戒护涔嬩娇鐢ㄨ鏄庛€?[缂栬緫]鎵撳嵃鏈烘帶鍒跺懡浠?[缂栬緫]妫€鏌ユ墦鍗版満鐘舵€侊紝鍙婃墦鍗板伐浣滈『搴忕紪鍙峰拰浣跨敤鑰呭悕绉?鎵ц鏍煎紡锛歭pq[-Pprinter-name]%lpq鎴?lpq-Psp1妫€鏌?sp1鎵撳嵃鏈轰箣鐘舵€併€?[缂栬緫]鍒犻櫎鎵撳嵃鏈哄唴涔嬫墦鍗板伐浣?(浣跨敤鑰呬粎鍙垹闄よ嚜宸辩殑鎵撳嵃宸ヤ綔)鎵ц鏍煎紡锛歭prm[-Pprinter-name]username鎴?jobnumber%lprmuser鎴?lprm-Psp1user鍒犻櫎sp1涓紝浣跨敤鑰?user鐨勬墦鍗板伐浣滐紝姝ゆ椂浣跨敤鑰呭悕绉板繀椤讳负user銆?%lprm-Psp2456鍒犻櫎sp2缂栧彿涓?456涔嬫墦鍗板伐浣溿€?[缂栬緫]Job涔嬫帶鍒?UNIXO.S.,鍙簬foregrourd鍙?background鍚屾椂澶勭悊澶氫釜process銆?涓€鑸娇鐢ㄨ€呮墽琛屽懡浠ゆ椂锛岀殕鏄湪foreground浜よ皥寮忓湴鎵цprocess锛屼害鍙皢process缃簬background涓紝浠ラ潪浜よ皥寮忔潵鎵цprocess銆?[缂栬緫]鏌ョ湅绯荤粺涔?process鎵ц鏍煎紡锛歱s[-aux]Example:%ps鎴?ps鈥搙(鏌ョ湅绯荤粺涓紝灞炰簬鑷繁鐨?process銆?%ps鈥揳u(鏌ョ湅绯荤粺涓紝鎵€鏈変娇鐢ㄨ€呯殑process銆? %ps鈥揳ux(鏌ョ湅绯荤粺涓紝鍖呭惈绯荤粺鍐呴儴锛屽強鎵€鏈変娇鐢ㄨ€呯殑process銆?[缂栬緫]缁撴潫鎴栫粓姝?process鎵ц鏍煎紡锛歬ill[-9]PID(PID涓哄埄鐢?ps鍛戒护鎵€鏌ュ嚭涔?processID銆?Example:%kill456鎴?kill-9456缁堟processID涓?456涔?process銆?[缂栬緫]鍦?background鎵цprocess鐨勬柟寮?鎵ц鏍煎紡锛歝ommand&(浜?command鍚庨潰鍔犲叆涓€鈥?鈥?绗﹀彿鍗冲彲銆?Example:%ccfile1.c&灏嗙紪璇?file1.c鏂囦欢涔嬪伐浣滐紝缃簬background鎵ц銆?鎵ц鏍煎紡锛氭寜涓?鈥淐ontrolZ鈥?閿紝鏆傚仠姝ｅ湪鎵ц鐨?process銆傞敭鍏?鈥渂g鈥?鍛戒护锛屽皢鎵€鏆傚仠鐨?process锛岀疆鍏?background涓户缁墽琛屻€?Example:%ccfile2.c^ZStopped%bg[缂栬緫]鏌ョ湅姝ｅ湪background涓墽琛岀殑process鎵ц鏍煎紡锛歫obs[缂栬緫]缁撴潫鎴栫粓姝㈠湪background涓殑process鎵ц鏍煎紡锛歬ill%n(n涓哄埄鐢?鈥渏obs鈥?鍛戒护锛屾墍鏌ョ湅鍑虹殑backgroundjob缂栧彿)Example:%kill%缁堟鍦?background涓殑绗竴涓?job銆?%kill%2缁堟鍦?background涓殑绗簩涓?job銆俧f[缂栬緫]shellvariable[缂栬緫]鏌ョ湅shellvariable涔嬭瀹氬€? 鎵ц鏍煎紡锛歴et鏌ョ湅鎵€鏈?shellvariable涔嬭瀹氬€笺€?%set鎵ц鏍煎紡锛歟cho$variable-name鏄剧ず鎸囧畾鐨?shellvariable涔嬭瀹氬€笺€?%echo$PRINTER0000sp1[缂栬緫]璁惧畾shellvariable鎵ц鏍煎紡锛歴etvarvalueExample:%settermvt100璁惧畾shellvariable鈥渢erm鈥?涓?VT100缁堢鏈轰箣鍨嬪紡銆?[缂栬緫]鍒犻櫎shellvariable鎵ц鏍煎紡锛歶nsetvarExample:%unsetPRINTER鍒犻櫎shellvariable鈥淧RINTER鈥?涔嬭瀹氬€笺€?[缂栬緫]environmentvariable[缂栬緫]鏌ョ湅environmentvariable涔嬭瀹氬€?鎵ц鏍煎紡锛歴etenv銆€鏌ョ湅鎵€鏈?environmentvariable涔嬭瀹氬€笺€?Example:%setenv鎵ц鏍煎紡锛歟cho$NAME鏄剧ず鎸囧畾鐨?environmentvariable鈥淣AME鈥?涔嬭瀹氬€笺€?Example:%echo$PRINTER鏄剧ずenvironmentvariable鈥淧RINTER鈥?鎵撳嵃鏈哄悕绉颁箣璁惧畾鍊笺€?[缂栬緫]璁惧畾environmentvariable鎵ц鏍煎紡锛歴etenvNAMEwordExample: %setenvPRINTERsp1璁惧畾environmentvariable鈥淧RINTER鈥?鎵撳嵃鏈哄悕绉颁负sp1銆?[缂栬緫]鍒犻櫎environmentvariable鎵ц鏍煎紡锛歶nsetenvNAMEExample:%unsetenvPRINTER鍒犻櫎environmentvariable鈥淧RINTER鈥?鎵撳嵃鏈哄悕绉颁箣璁惧畾鍊笺€?[缂栬緫]alias[缂栬緫]鏌ョ湅鎵€瀹氫箟鐨勫懡浠や箣alias鎵ц鏍煎紡锛?alias鏌ョ湅鑷繁鐩墠瀹氫箟涔嬫墍鏈夊懡浠わ紝鍙婃墍瀵瑰簲涔?alias鍚嶇О銆?鎵ц鏍煎紡锛?aliasname鏌ョ湅鎸囧畾涔?alias鍚嶇О鎵€瀹氫箟涔嬪懡浠ゃ€?Example:%aliasdir(鏌ョ湅鍒悕dir鎵€瀹氫箟涔嬪懡浠?ls-atl[缂栬緫]瀹氫箟鍛戒护涔?alias鎵ц鏍煎紡锛?aliasname鈥檆ommandline鈥?Example:%aliasdir鈥檒s-l鈥?灏嗗懡浠?鈥渓s-l鈥?瀹氫箟鍒悕涓?dir銆?[缂栬緫]鍒犻櫎鎵€瀹氫箟涔?alias鎵ц鏍煎紡锛?unaliasnameExample:%unaliasdir(鍒犻櫎鍒悕涓?dir涔嬪畾涔夈€?%unalias*(鍒犻櫎鎵€鏈夊埆鍚嶄箣璁惧畾銆?[缂栬緫]history[缂栬緫]璁惧畾鍛戒护璁板綍琛ㄤ箣闀垮害鎵ц鏍煎紡锛?sethistorynExample: %sethistory40璁惧畾鍛戒护璁板綍琛ㄤ箣闀垮害涓?40(鍙杞芥墽琛岃繃涔嬪墠闈?40涓懡浠?銆?[缂栬緫]鏌ョ湅鍛戒护璁板綍琛ㄤ箣鍐呭鎵ц鏍煎紡锛?history[缂栬緫]浣跨敤鍛戒护璁板綍琛?鎵ц鏍煎紡锛?!!Example:%!!(閲嶅鎵ц鍓嶄竴涓懡浠?鎵ц鏍煎紡锛?!n(n涓哄懡浠よ褰曡〃涔嬪懡浠ょ紪鍙枫€?Example:%!5(鎵ц鍛戒护璁板綍琛ㄤ腑绗簲涓懡浠ゃ€?鎵ц鏍煎紡锛?!string(閲嶅鍓嶉潰鎵ц杩囦互string涓鸿捣濮嬪瓧绗︿箣鍛戒护銆?Example:%!cat(閲嶅鍓嶉潰鎵ц杩囷紝浠?cat涓鸿捣濮嬪瓧绗︿箣鍛戒护銆?[缂栬緫]鏄剧ず鍓嶄竴涓懡浠や箣鍐呭鎵ц鏍煎紡锛?!!锛歱[缂栬緫]鏇存敼鍓嶄竴鍛戒护涔嬪唴瀹瑰苟鎵ц涔?鎵ц鏍煎紡锛?^oldstring^newstring灏嗗墠涓€鍛戒护涓?oldstring鐨勯儴浠斤紝鏀规垚newstring锛屽苟鎵ц涔嬨€?Example:%find.-namefile1.c-print^file1.c^core%find.-namecore-print娉細鏂囦欢core涓烘墽琛岀▼搴忔垨鍛戒护鍙戠敓閿欒鏃讹紝绯荤粺鎵€浜х敓鐨勬枃浠躲€備綔涓轰睛閿?debug)涔嬶紝鍥犲叾鎵€鍗犵┖闂存瀬澶э紝閫氬父灏嗕箣鍒犻櫎銆?[缂栬緫]璧勬枡涔嬪帇缂? 涓轰簡閬垮厤涓嶅父鐢ㄧ殑鏂囦欢鎴栬祫鏂欙紝鍗犵敤澶ぇ鐨勭鐩樼┖闂达紝璇蜂娇鐢ㄨ€呭皢涔嬪帇缂┿€傛浣跨敤鍘嬬缉杩囩殑鏂囦欢鎴栬祫鏂欏墠锛屽皢涔嬪弽鍘嬬缉锛屽嵆鍙繕鍘熸垚鍘熸潵涔嬭祫鏂欏瀷寮忋€傚嚒鏄粡杩囧帇缂╁鐞嗕箣鏂囦欢锛屼細鍦ㄦ枃浠跺悕鍚庨潰闄勫姞鈥?.Z鈥?涔嬪瓧绗︼紝琛ㄧず姝や负涓€鍘嬬缉鏂囦欢銆?[缂栬緫]鍘嬬缉璧勬枡鎵ц鏍煎紡锛歝ompressfilename鍘嬬缉鏂囦欢鎵ц鏍煎紡锛歝ompressdirdirectory-name鍘嬬缉鐩綍[缂栬緫]pipe-line涔嬩娇鐢?鎵ц鏍煎紡锛歝ommand1|command2灏?command1鎵ц缁撴灉锛岄€佸埌command2鍋氫负command2鐨勮緭鍏ャ€?Example:%ls-Rl|more浠ュ垎椤垫柟寮忥紝鍒楀嚭鐩墠鐩綍涓嬫墍鏈夋枃浠讹紝鍙婂瓙鐩綍涔嬪悕绉般€?%catfile1|more浠ュ垎椤垫柟寮忥紝鍒楀嚭鏂囦欢file1涔嬪唴瀹广€?[缂栬緫]I/Ocontrol[缂栬緫]鏍囧噯杈撳叆涔嬫帶鍒?鎵ц鏍煎紡锛歝ommand-linefilename灏?command涔嬫墽琛岀粨鏋滐紝閫佽嚦鎸囧畾鐨?filename涓€?Example:%ls-l>list灏嗘墽琛?鈥渓s-l鈥?鍛戒护涔嬬粨鏋滐紝鍐欏叆鏂囦欢list涓€?鎵ц鏍煎紡锛歝ommand>!filename鍚屼笂锛岃嫢filename涔嬫枃浠跺凡缁忓瓨鍦紝鍒欏己杩?overwrite銆?Example:%ls-lg>!list灏嗘墽琛?鈥渓s- lg鈥?鍛戒护涔嬬粨鏋滐紝寮鸿揩鍐欏叆鏂囦欢list涓€?鎵ц鏍煎紡锛歝ommand>&filename灏?command鎵ц鏃讹紝灞忓箷涓婃墍浜х敓鐨勪换浣曚俊鎭紝鍐欏叆鎸囧畾鐨?filename涓€?Example:%ccfile1.c>&error灏嗙紪璇?file1.c鏂囦欢鏃讹紝鎵€浜х敓涔嬩换浣曚俊鎭紝鍐欏叆鏂囦欢error涓€?鎵ц鏍煎紡锛歝ommand>>filename灏?command鎵ц缁撴灉锛岄檮鍔?append)鍒版寚瀹氱殑filename涓€?Example:%ls-lag>>list灏嗘墽琛?鈥渓s-lag鈥?鍛戒护涔嬬粨鏋滐紝闄勫姞(append)鍒版枃浠?list涓€?鎵ц鏍煎紡锛歝ommand>>&filename灏?command鎵ц鏃讹紝灞忓箷涓婃墍浜х敓鐨勪换浣曚俊鎭紝闄勫姞浜庢寚瀹氱殑filename涓€?Example:%ccfile2.c>>&error灏嗙紪璇?file2.c鏂囦欢鏃讹紝灞忓箷鎵€浜х敓涔嬩换浣曚俊鎭紝闄勫姞浜庢枃浠?error涓€?[缂栬緫]鏌ョ湅绯荤粺涓殑浣跨敤鑰?鎵ц鏍煎紡锛?who鎴?finger鎵ц鏍煎紡锛?w鎵ц鏍煎紡锛?fingerusernameorfingerusername@domainname[缂栬緫]鏀瑰彉鑷繁鐨?username杩涘叆鍏朵粬浣跨敤鑰呯殑甯愬彿锛屾嫢鏈夊叾浣跨敤鏉冨埄銆?鎵ц鏍煎紡锛?suusernameExample:%suuser杩涘叆浣跨敤鑰?user涔嬪笎鍙?passwrod:杈撳叆浣跨敤鑰?user涔嬪瘑鐮?[缂栬緫]鏌ョ湅username鎵ц鏍煎紡锛?whoami鏌ョ湅login鏃讹紝鑷繁鐨?username銆?鎵ц鏍煎紡锛?whoami鏌ョ湅鐩墠鐨?username銆傝嫢宸叉墽琛岃繃鈥渟u鈥濆懡浠chuser)锛屽垯鏄剧ず鍑烘user涔?username銆? [缂栬緫]鏌ョ湅鐩墠鏈湴鎵€鏈夊伐浣滅珯鐨勪娇鐢ㄨ€?鎵ц鏍煎紡:rusers>缁撴潫[缂栬緫]涓庢煇宸ヤ綔绔欎笂鐨勪娇鐢ㄨ€呬氦璋?鎵ц鏍煎紡:talkusername@hostname鎴?talkusername@ip_addressExample:1.鍙厛鍒╃敤rusers鎸囦护鏌ョ湅缃戣矾涓婄殑浣跨敤鑰?2.鍋囪鑷繁鐨勫笎鍙锋槸u84987锛屽湪宸ヤ綔绔?indian涓婁娇鐢紝鐜板湪鎯宠涓?doc涓婄殑u84123浜よ皥銆?%talku84123@doc>姝ゆ椂灞忓箷涓婂皢浼氬嚭鐜扮瓑寰呯敾闈?鍦ㄥ鏂?u84123)灞忓箷涓婂皢浼氬嚭鐜颁笅鍒椾俊鎭?MessagefromTalk_Daemon@Local_host_nameatxx:xxtalk:connectionrequestedbyu84987@indiantalk:respondwith:talku84987@indian姝ゆ椂瀵规柟(u84123)蹇呴』鎵цtalku84987@indian鍗冲彲浜掔浉浜よ皥銆傛渶鍚庡彲鎸夌粨鏉熴€?[缂栬緫]妫€鏌ヨ繙绔數鑴戠郴缁熸槸鍚︽甯?鎵ц鏍煎紡锛歱inghostname鎴?pingIP-AddressExample:%pingdoc[缂栬緫]鐢靛瓙閭欢(E-mail)鐨勪娇鐢ㄧ畝浠?[缂栬緫]灏嗘枃浠跺綋鍋?E-mail鐨勫唴瀹归€佸嚭鎵ц鏍煎紡锛歮ail-s鈥淪ubject-string鈥?username@address>test灏嗙10琛岃嚦绗?0琛岀殑璧勬枡鍔犲湪test鏂囦欢涔嬪悗銆?锛歳test灏唗est鏂囦欢鐨勮祫鏂欒鍏ョ紪杈戠紦鍐插尯鐨勬渶鍚庛€?鍒犻櫎銆佸鍒跺強绉诲姩锛?0,20d鍒犻櫎绗?0琛岃嚦绗?0琛岀殑璧勬枡銆?锛?0d鍒犻櫎绗?0琛岀殑璧勬枡銆?锛?d鍒犻櫎鏁翠釜缂栬緫缂撳啿鍖恒€?锛?0,20co30灏嗙10琛岃嚦绗?0琛岀殑璧勬枡澶嶅埗鑷崇30琛屼箣鍚庛€?锛?0,20mo30灏嗙10琛岃嚦绗?0琛岀殑璧勬枡绉诲姩鑷崇30琛屼箣鍚庛€?瀛椾覆鎼滃涓庡彇浠?s(substitute)鎸囦护鍙悳瀵绘煇琛屽垪鑼冨洿銆俫(global)鎸囦护鍒欏彲鎼滃鏁翠釜缂栬緫缂撳啿鍖虹殑璧勬枡銆?s鎸囦护浠ョ涓€涓弧瓒宠鏉′欢鐨勫瓧涓蹭负鍏跺彇浠ｇ殑瀵硅薄锛岃嫢璇ヨ鏈夋暟涓弧瓒宠鏉′欢鐨勫瓧涓诧紝涔熶粎鑳藉彇浠ｇ涓€涓紝鑻ユ兂鍙栦唬鎵€鏈夌殑瀛椾覆鍒欓渶鍔犱笂g鍙傛暟銆?锛?,$s/old/new/g灏嗘枃浠朵腑鎵€鏈夌殑鈥榦ld鈥欐敼鎴愨€榥ew鈥欍€?锛?0,20s/^//灏嗙10琛岃嚦绗?0琛岃祫鏂欑殑鏈€鍓嶉潰鎻掑叆5涓┖鐧姐€?锛?s/old/new/g 灏嗙紪杈戠紦鍐插尯涓墍鏈夌殑鈥榦ld鈥欐敼鎴愨€榥ew鈥欍€?[缂栬緫]鎭㈠缂栬緫鏃惰涓柇鐨勬枃浠?鍦ㄧ紪杈戣繃绋嬩腑锛岃嫢绯荤粺褰撴帀鎴栬繛绾夸腑鏂紝鑰岀紦鍐插尯鐨勮祫鏂欏苟杩樻湭琚啓鍥炵鐩樻椂锛屽綋鍐嶅害鍥炲埌绯荤粺锛屾墽琛屼笅鍒楁寚浠ゅ嵆鍙洖澶嶄腑鏂墠鐨勬枃浠跺唴瀹广€?%vi-rfilename[缂栬緫]缂栬緫澶氫釜鏂囦欢vi浜︽彁渚涘悓鏃剁紪杈戝涓枃浠剁殑鍔熻兘锛屾柟娉曞涓嬶細%vifile1file2鈥?褰撶涓€涓枃浠剁紪淇畬鎴愬悗锛屽彲鍒╃敤鈥橈細w鈥欏皢璇ョ紦鍐插尯瀛樻。锛岃€屽悗鍐嶅埄鐢?鈥橈細n鈥欒浇鍏ヤ笅涓€涓枃浠躲€?gedit缂栬緫鍣ㄥ彲浠ユ墦寮€澶氫釜鏂囦欢锛屽苟鐩存帴缂栬緫鍙栬嚜鈥渉ttp://wiki.ubuntu.org.cn/index.php?title=Unix%E5%91%BD%E4%BB%A4%E5%A4%A7%E5%85%A8&variant=zh-cn鈥濇椤甸潰宸茶娴忚杩?7,832娆°€?姝ら〉鐢盪buntu涓枃鐨勫尶鍚嶇敤鎴蜂簬2011骞?鏈?4鏃?(鏄熸湡鍥?20:39鐨勬渶鍚庢洿鏀广€?鍦╭iii2006銆乵issll鍜孫neleaf鍜孶buntu涓枃鐢ㄦ埛Zjb3586鐨勫伐浣滃熀纭€涓娿€?鍏充簬Ubuntu涓枃鍏嶈矗澹版槑