2、、小分子热激蛋白、进化 Abstract:Heat shock proteins ( HSP) are among the most abundant intracellular proteins. The gene expression and regulatory mechanisms of HSP are the self-protecting material basis, when the organism under different stress conditions. Furthermore the researches of them are wide
3、ly used in solving some macro-problems, such as biological genetics, evolution and environmental adaptation. This article reviews the research progress of HSP, including the evolution of HSP90, HSP70 and sHSPs. Maybe these will provide certain clue for the relation of the biologics and environm
4、ents, the evolution of the origin of species and the environment transitions undergone. Keywords:Heat shock proteins, Heat shock proteins 90, Heat shock proteins 70, Small heat-shock proteins, Evolution. 引言 热休克蛋白(heat shock protein,HSP)又称热激蛋白。1962年Ritosa首次发现热激诱导果蝇幼虫唾腺染色体形成新的膨突,暗示可能某种蛋白的合成量
7、白定位于细胞的多种细胞器中,包括胞质溶胶、线粒体、叶绿体、内质网等内膜系统,但不同的热休克蛋白在细胞中往往有着有不同的定位【5】。如HSP90多定位于高尔基体和液泡中,HSP70多定位于细胞质和细胞骨架中。由于热休克蛋白诱导表达迅速,分布广泛,即使在非热休克细胞中也存在着由热休克蛋白同源基因编码的类似蛋白质。这种在正常生理条件下热激基因家族中表达的成员称为热激蛋白的同系蛋白(heat shock protein cognate,HSC)。所以,我们应该明确