四级写作讲义周湘

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1、四级写作——周湘(Olyea新浪微博周湘oleander人人)一.二．英语句型特点分析1中文模糊，英文精确(句型，a/an/the,in/on/of,标点Ieatanddrink.)2中英文句型相同点：A主系表结构主语+Be+名词/形容词/介词词组/副词我很高兴。Iamveryhappy.Envrionmentalprotectionissoimportantthatitrequirestheglobalendeavortoattainit.我在家。Iamathome.Shoppingonlineisatanadvantagebecauseitprovidesitemsatalo

2、werprice.Iamoftheopinionthat….B主谓宾结构主语+及物动词+名词宾语/todo/doing/宾语从句我爱你。Iloveyou.Jet’aime.Jeteaime.我想要大房子。Iwantalargehouse.Thegovernmentneedstoimplementtheenvironmentally-friendlypolicieseffectively.我觉得你说的对。Ithinkthatyouareright.3*中英文句型结构不同点A名词的不同(带有动作修饰的修饰部分在名词之后，核心名词在前，且要考虑冠词修饰；考试中除了定语从句，分词短语做后

3、置修饰之外，最常用的是介词短语如of/in短语做后置修饰)AofB:B的A（of主要表示一种所属关系）举例：环境污染的严重性theseriousnessofenvironmentalpollution/degradationtheseriousnessofpollutingenvrionement保持健康的重要性TheimportanceofkeepinghealthyTheimportanceofhealthandwell-beingAinB:B中的A(in主要表示地理，方位，或在…中)Thedifferencesin/betweentwoculturesTherural/un

4、der-developed/poverty-strickenareasinthenorthwesternpartsofChina‘定语从句：一个主谓句做修饰，放在名词后面，用连词连接我昨天在百货商场买的那个钱包ThepursewhichIboughtinthedepartmentstoreyesterday–名词词组Theenvironmentally-friendlypoliciesthatthegovernmentimplementedrecently那个被叫做约翰的男孩theboywhoiscalledJohnTheboywhowecalljohnTheresidentsw

5、hoareinhabitedintheruralareasofthenorthwesternpartsofChinaarelivingunderthehugefinancialstress.坐在教室后面的学生Thestudentswhoaresittinginthebackoftheclassroom=studentssittinginthebackoftheclassroomB谓语部分的不同a.主谓一致单对单/s，复对复/原形，并列对复/原形，特例对特记考试中常使用的不可数名词：knowledge,information,advice,evidence;Astudentwho…

6、is/does/has…Thestudentswho….are/do/have…Studentsandteachersare/do/haveboth…特例：UnitedNationsisanorganizationthataimsto…Onlyonespeciesisabletosurvivethisdisaster.Allspeciesareessentialtotheintegrityofecology.Any/Each/OnespeciesisTherearetwospeciesthatareusefulforthetreatmentofthisdisease.PS:mea

7、ns等同于species方式，方法,theUnitedStates等同于UnitedNations美国b.时+态(现在分词doing,过去分词done,过去式did)时间：过去，现在，将来状态：一般simple，进行progressive，完成perfect，完成进行perfectprogressive一般现在，一般过去，现在完成，一般讲来一般对永久进行对正在完成对已经将来对“会”“要”一般：长久状态do,did进行：进行状态bedoing(某个时间范围内的动作延续，如sleep