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1、展标:江汉朝宗——武汉城市现代化历程GreatRivers,GreatChanges----AHistoricalExhibitionofWuhanUrbanModernization前言Preface晚清中国,积贫积弱,列强入侵,国门洞开,中国逐渐沦为半殖民地半封建社会,民族危机日益严重。自1861年汉口开埠之后,外国列强在武汉设领事、建租界、兴洋行、办工厂,曾经典型的内陆封建城镇,在西方列强的殖民掠夺和民族危机的刺激下,开始了“数千年来未有之变局”,逐步向现代城市转型。其进程起伏不定,探索之路艰难曲折。从晚清开明派在武汉实施洋务新政,到中国资产阶级发动辛亥首义,再到中国共产党领导的革命
2、运动,武汉人民反对外来侵略、争取民族独立人民解放的斗争和推动城市社会发展的努力从未停止。1949年5月16日,在中国共产党的领导下,武汉迎来解放。从此人民当家作主,城市稳步发展。改革开放后,武汉城市面貌日新月异,经济实力不断增长,迈向了跨越式发展的现代化大道。Poorandweak,yieldtoopenuptotheoutsideworldupontheimperialistinvasions,China,duringthelateQingDynasty,hadgraduallybecomeasemi-colonialandasemi-feudalcountrywithincreasin
3、glyseverenationalcrisis.Consulates,concessions,companiesandfactorieswereestablishedoneafteranotherbyforeignpowerseversincethetradingportopenedinHankouin1861.Thus,Wuhan,theoncetypicalfeudalinlandtown,strappedbythecolonizationandnumerousnationalcrises,enduredchangesofoneinthousandsofyearsandgraduall
4、yembarkedonitspathtomodernization.Upanddown,theunfoldingexplorationwasoftwistsandturns.YetthedenizensinWuhanneverstoppedfightingagainsttheforeigninvaderstowinindependenceandliberationandtopromoteurbandevelopment,notevenduringthehistoricalchangesfromtheWesternizationMovementbytheliberalschool,tothe
5、Revolutionof1911bythenationalbourgeoisie,ortherevolutionsbytheChineseCommunistParty.UndertheleadershipoftheParty,Wuhanfinally19usheredinitsliberationonMay16th,1949.Sincethenon,thepeoplebecamemastersofthecountryandWuhandevelopedwithasteadypace.Moreover,sincethereformsandopeninguppolicy,theever-chan
6、gingoutlookofWuhananditsever-increasingeconomicpowerhavefacilitatedthecity’sgreatleapfrogmodernizationdevelopment.第一单元汉口开埠——武汉城市现代化的开端UnitOnePort-openingofHankou----APreludetoaModernizedWuhan1858年,第二次鸦片战争中战败的清政府被迫与英、法等国签订丧权辱国的《天津条约》,汉口成为新增的对外开放通商口岸之一。1861年汉口开埠,1862年江汉关设立。外国势力纷纷侵入武汉,设立租界,掠夺经济财富,进行文
7、化殖民渗透。武汉开始了从传统内陆市镇向对外开放型近代城市的嬗变。OverpoweredbyBritishandFrenchtroopsintheSecondOpiumWarin1858,theQingGovernmentwascompelledtosignthehumiliatingTreatyofTianjin,inwhichHankouwaslistedamongthenewly-includedopentradin