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1、纳米材料（Nanometermaterial）briefintroductionFromthesize,usuallyproducesignificantchangesinphysicalandchemicalpropertiesoffineparticlesinthesizeof0.1microns(1m=100cm,1cm=10000micron,1micron=1000nm,1nm=10angstroms),100nm.Therefore,particleswithaparticlesizeof1~100nmarecalledultrafi
2、neparticles,andtheyarealsonanomaterials.Nanometalmaterialsweredevelopedinthemiddleof1980s,andlatercameoutwithnanosemiconductorfilms,nanoceramics,nanoporcelainmaterialsandnanobiomedicalmaterials.Nanostructuredmaterials,referredtoasmaterial(nano),referstothesizeoftheirstructura
3、lunitsbetween1nmand100nmrange.Becauseitssizeisclosetothecoherencelengthofelectrons,itspropertieschangegreatlybecauseoftheself-organizationcausedbystrongcoherence.Also,thescaleisclosetothewavelengthoflight,ithasspecialeffectofthesurface,soitsperformancecharacteristics,suchasme
4、ltingpoint,magnetic,optical,thermal,electricalconductivityandsoon,areoftendifferentinnatureofthesubstanceintheoverallstateofthe.Nanoparticlematerials,alsoknownasultrafineparticles,arecomposedofnanoparticles(nano,particle).Nanoparticlesalsocalledultrafineparticles,generallyref
5、erstotheparticlesinthe1~100nmbetweenthesizeofthetransitionregionisatthejunctionofatomicclustersandmacroscopicobjects,usuallyfromonmicroscopicandmacroscopicpointofview,macrosystemmicrosystemthesystemisnotonlytheatypicalatypical,isatypicalmesoscopicsystem,itwithsurfaceeffect,sm
6、allsizeeffectandmacroscopicquantumtunnelingeffect.Whenpeoplewillbesubdividedintomacroscopicobjectsofultrafineparticles(nano),itwillshowmanyuniqueproperties,itiscomparedwiththeoptical,thermal,electrical,magnetic,mechanicalandchemicalpropertiesandbulksolidshavesignificantlydiff
7、erentwill.Thebroadrangeofnanotechnologycanincludenanomaterialtechnologyandnanoprocessingtechnology,nanomeasurementtechnology,nanoapplicationtechnologyandsoon.Thenanotechnologyfocusesonnanofunctionalmaterialproduction(superfinepowder,coating,nanomodifiedmaterialsetc.),performa
8、ncetestingtechnology(chemicalcomposition,microstructure,surfacemorph
