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1、.WorkedexamplesintheGeometryofCrystalsSecondeditionH.K.D.H.BhadeshiaProfessorofPhysicalMetallurgyUniversityofCambridgeFellowofDarwinCollege,CambridgeiBook377ISBN0904357945Firsteditionpublishedin1987byTheInstituteofMetalsTheInstituteofMetals1CarltonHouseTerraceandNorth
2、AmericanPublicationsCenterLondonSW1Y5DBOldPostRoadBrookfield,VT05036,USAcTHEINSTITUTEOFMETALS1987ALLRIGHTSRESERVEDBritishLibraryCataloguinginPublicationDataBhadeshia,H.K.D.H.Workedexamplesinthegeometryofcrystals.1.Crystallography,Mathematical—–Problems,exercises,etc.I
3、.Title548’.1QD911ISBN0–904357–94–5COVERILLUSTRATIONshowsanet–likesub–grainboundaryinannealedbainite,×150,000.PhotographbycourtesyofJ.R.YangCompiledfromoriginaltypesettingandillustrationsprovidedbytheauthorSECONDEDITION,published2001,updated2006Publishedelectronicallyw
4、ithpermissionfromtheInstituteofMaterials1CarltonHouseTerraceLondonSW1Y5DBiiPrefaceFirstEditionAlargepartofcrystallographydealswiththewayinwhichatomsarearrangedinsinglecrys-tals.Ontheotherhand,aknowledgeoftherelationshipsbetweencrystalsinapolycrystallinematerialcanbefa
5、scinatingfromthepointofviewofmaterialsscience.Itisthisaspectofcrystallographywhichisthesubjectofthismonograph.Themonographisaimedatbothundergraduatesandgraduatestudentsandassumesonlyanelementaryknowledgeofcrystal-lography.Althoughuseismadeofvectorandmatrixalgebra,read
6、ersnotfamiliarwiththesemethodsshouldnotbeatadisadvantageafterstudyingappendix1.Infact,themathematicsnecessaryforagoodgraspofthesubjectisnotveryadvancedbuttheconceptsinvolvedcanbedifficulttoabsorb.Itisforthisreasonthatthebookisbasedonworkedexamples,whichareintendedtomake
7、theideaslessabstract.Duetoitswide–rangingapplications,thesubjecthasdevelopedwithmanydifferentschemesfornotationandthiscanbeconfusingtothenovice.TheextendednotationusedthroughoutthistextwasintroducedfirstbyMackenzieandBowles;Ibelievethatthisisaclearandunambiguousschemewh
8、ichisparticularlypowerfulindistinguishingbetweenrepresentationsofdeformationsandaxistransformations.Themonographbeginswithan
