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1、辅音音标表(24个)轻辅音/p/婆婆p/ t/桃树t/ k/科学k,c,ck浊辅音/b/爸爸b/d/ 大海d/g/哥哥g轻辅音/f/大佛f/θ/th,舌尖平放两齿间,不断发[s]。/s/蚕丝s,浊辅音/v/汉语无此此音,英语上齿抵下唇,读作vvv。/ð/ th,舌尖平放两齿间,不断发[z]。/z/ 帽子z轻辅音/ʃ/老师sh/ h/喝水h/tʃ/吃饭ch浊辅音/ʒ// r/(弱) 日头r/dʒ/蜘蛛(zh)j鼻音/m/妈妈m/n/ 泥人n/ŋ/ ng半元音 / j/衣服y/w/乌鸦w边音/ ǀ/
2、快乐l轻辅音/ts/ts/tr/ tr不被称为音标浊辅音/dz/ dz/dr/ dr不被称为音标x光透视,含有“克斯”音,英语[ks][ks][ks]。哭,汉语q,英语qu[kw][kw][kw]。字母c在ce,ci,cy字母组合中,读[s],其他情况读[s]。7元音音标表(20个)5个元音的字母音a[ei]e[i:]i[ai]o[əu]u[u:]5个元音的短元音:a[əe]bagcathatmape[e]penbedtenhenI[i]bigpigsithillo[כ]boxhotdogfro
3、gu[u]butmumbusmug12个单元音:短元音[əe][e][i][כ][۸][u][ə]长元音[i:][כ:][a:][u:][ə:]8个双元音:[ei][ai][əu][au][כi][iə][eə][uə]7元音发音规则表:1.单元音/i:/seemebesheneedreadmealeatseatdeepkeep开音节中的e/i:/mebesheee/i:/seesleepdeepfeetneedea/i:/readeatmealseat2.单元音/i/initisfitpinb
4、itkisssickmissfishrichlid闭音节中的i/i/if,his,film(闭音节指以辅音结尾的音节)闭音节中的y/i/sympathy,syllable,system,gym位于词尾的y/i/city,pity,willingly,possibility3.单元音/e/getletbedpenbestrestwetneverbetterbest闭音节中的e/e/bed,peg,set,tellea/e/dead,heaven,feather4.单元音/əe/hatcatratc
5、apmapfatmanthankstampfact闭音节中的a/əe/bad,lad,rat,cab5.单元音/a:/heartarmdarnfarmcartfastcardarkbarnpassar/a:/arm,ark,lard,dark,car,card,hard,harm6.单元音/כ/lotgotjobshopsoftsongtophotboxpotlock7闭音节中的o/כ/hot,got,not,lost,on,soft7./כ:/tallfallwallPaulMaudwalkc
6、allyawnthoughtor/כ:/or,sport,bored,horse,more,beforea(+ll或lk)/כ:/all,fall,talk,walkaw/כ:/law,paw,draw,flaw,claw8.单元音/u/cookbooklookputgoodfullfootwouldu/u/put,full,pull,push,sugar,cushionoo/u/good,took,wood,wool,stood,bedroomou/u/could,would,should9.
7、单元音/u:/toosoonrulebootfoolschoolsoupcoollosenewoo/u:/fool,booth,room,foodou/u:/soup,you,groupo/u:/do,to,who10./۸/cupbusgunhutsungducklungluckcutstuck闭音节中的u/۸/but,hunt,sun,duck,luck闭音节中的o/۸/son,once,colour,other,moneyou/۸/rough,enough,touch,cousin,you
8、ng11.单元音/ə:/shirthuntburngirlbirdnurseworkwormcurseer/ə:/herd,verb,mercyir/ə:/thirty,shirt,third,fir7ur/ə:/turn,church,burn,nurse,curseor/ə:/word,work,world,worseear/ə:/heard,earth,search12.单元音/ə/agoaboutasleepaboveagainamongmotherbrother许多元音在非重读章节中读