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1、(附件:虚拟语气和定语从句that用法的归纳)(附件:虚拟语气和定语从句that用法的归纳)虚拟语气(subjunctivemood)虚拟语气是历年TEM4语法考点的重点,用于强调怀疑或不可能,动作只存在于讲话人想象中的“假设”,而不是当作客观事实中的真实事件。因此,当学生看到含有“怀疑/推测/愿望/假设”等意味的句子时,就要打起精神,仔细辨别。1.常用“(should)+动词原形”表虚拟语气的结构a.表示主观判断、推测和表示命令、决定、要求、建议之类的词的相关从句中,可用于:◆宾语从句:Hesuggestedthatwe(should)stayhome
2、.◆表“命令、决定、要求”等名词的同位语从句Heputforwardthesuggestionthatwe(should)stayhome.◆上述名词的表语从句Hissuggestionwasthatwe(should)stayhome.◆主语从句Itwassuggestedthatwe(should)stayhome.例题:Heleftordersthatnothing__________toucheduntilthepolicearrivehere.(A)A.shouldbeB.oughttobeC.wouldbeD.mustbeb.“Itis+形容
3、词+that从句”结构中这些形容词包括:appropriate,better,desirable,advisable,essential,imperative,important,natural,necessary,possible,probable,strange,urgent….e.g.ItisdesirablethattheagreementbesignedbeforeMay.例题:Itwasrecommendedthatpassengers_______smokeduringtheflight.(A)A.notB.neednotC.couldno
4、tD.wouldnotc.“Itisapity/shame/nowonder/one’swish+that从句”结构中,后面的从句中的谓语动词用:should+动词原型,表示惊奇,怀疑,不满等情绪。 e.g.Itisagreatpitythatyoushouldbesoconceited.Itisnowonderthatheshouldbesoangry.d.连接词“incase,lest,forfearthat”引导的目的状语从句。其形式通常为:“…lest(incase,forfearthat)+主语+should+动词原形”。Lest,forfea
5、rthat句中的should可以省去,incase句中的should通常不省去,但是incase句中可以不用虚拟语气,而用陈述语气。Lest,forfearthat后面也可以接其他形式,见例。e.g.IwillnotmakeanoiseforfearthatI(should/might)disturbyou. Takeyourcoatincaseitshouldrain/itrains.2.“Itis(high,about,the)time…”中的虚拟语气“Itis(high,about,the)time…”中的虚拟语气中的谓语动词通常用过去式,指现在或
6、将来的情况,表示“早该做某事而已经有些晚了”。3(附件:虚拟语气和定语从句that用法的归纳)e.g.It’sabouttimepeopletooknoticeofwhatwomendidduringthewar.例题:Thatwasnotthefirsttimehe_________us.Ithinkit’shightimewe__________strongactionsagainsthim.(B)A.betrayed…takeB.hadbetrayed…tookC.hasbetrayed…tookD.hasbetrayed…take3.让步状语从句
7、中的虚拟语气Though,if,evenif,eventhough,whatever,however,grantedthat等连接代词或副词引导的让步状语从句中可使用虚拟语气,但是主句一般用直陈语气。Thougheveryonedesertyou,Iwillnot.Wewon’tchangeourplaniftherumourbeture.NB有时可省略连接词though或whether,将be置于句首,构成倒装语序的让步状语从句。Allmagnetsbehavethesame,betheylargeorsmall.=Allmagnetsbehaveth
8、esame,whethertheyarelargeorsmall.例题:Much