bone histology：骨组织学

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1、BONEPATHOLOGYDariuszBorysMDdborys@lumc.eduwww.pedorthpath.comOBJECTIVESIdentifymainfunctionsofbonetissueIdentifythemajorpartsofalongbonesDescribethecellsfoundinbonetissueDescribethecomponentsofanosteonCompareandcontrastintramembranousandendochondralossification.BONEFUNCTIONSupportProtection(protect

2、internalorgans)Movement(provideleveragesystemforskeletalmuscles,tendons,ligamentsandjoints)Mineralhomeostasis(bonesactasreservesofmineralsimportantforthebodylikecalciumorphosphorus)Hematopoiesis:bloodcellformationStorageofadiposetissue:yellowmarrowSHAPEOFBONESLongbones(e.g.,humerus,femur)Shortbones

3、(e.g.,carpals,tarsals,patella)Flatbones(e.g.,parietalbone,scapula,sternum)Irregularbones(e.g.,vertebrae,hipbones)BONEANATOMYDiaphysis:longshaftofboneEpiphysis:endsofboneEpiphysealplate:growthplateMetaphysis:b/wepiphysisanddiaphysisArticularcartilage:coversepiphysisPeriosteum:bonecovering(painsensit

4、ive)Sharpey’sfibers:periosteumattachestounderlyingboneMedullarycavity:Hollowchamberinbone-redmarrowproducesbloodcells-yellowmarrowisadiposeEndosteum:thinlayerliningthemedullarycavityBLOODANDNERVESUPPLYOFBONEBoneissuppliedwithbloodby:Periostealarteriesaccompaniedbynervessupplytheperiosteumandcompact

5、boneEpiphysealveinscarrybloodawayfromlongbonesNervesaccompanythebloodvesselsthatsupplybonesTheperiosteumisrichinsensorynervessensitivetotearingortensionLONGBONESCompactBone–denseouterlayerSpongyBone–(cancellousbone)honeycomboftrabeculae(needle-likeorflatpieces)filledwithbonemarrowCOMPACTBONE:(OSTEO

6、N)EXTERNALLAYER-calledlamellarbone(groupsofelongatedtubulescalledlamella)-majorityofalllongbones-protectionandstrength(wt.bearing)-concentricringstructure-bloodvesselsandnervespenetrateperiosteumthroughhorizontalopeningscalledperforating(Volkmann’s)canals.COMPACTBONE:(OSTEON)EXTERNALLAYERCentral(Ha

7、versian)canalsrunlongitudinally.Bloodvesselsandnerves.-aroundcanalsareconcentriclamella-osteocytesoccupylacunaewhicharebetweenthelamella-radiatingfromthelacuneaarechannelscalledcanaliculi(fingerlikeprocesse