诊断学单词英汉对照

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1、一　总论诊断学Diagnostics问诊inquiry症状symptom体征sign体格检查physicalexamination实验室检查laboratoryexamination初步诊断primarydiagnosis视诊inspection触诊palpation冲击触诊法ballottement清音resonance鼓音tympany过清音hyperresonance浊音dullness实音flatness听诊auscultation嗅诊smelling二　症状１　发热发热Fever稽留热continuedfever

2、弛张热remittentfever间歇热intermittentfever波状热undulantfever回归热recurrentfever不规则热irregularfever寒战rigor２　水肿、胸痛、发绀、心悸全身性水肿anasarca心源性水肿cardiacedema肾源性水肿renaledema肝源性水肿hepaticedema黏液性水肿myxedema特发性水肿idiopathicedema血管神经性水肿angioneuroticedema胸痛chestpain放射痛radiatingpain发绀cyanosi

3、s心悸palpitation心包积液pericardialeffusion充血性心力衰竭congestiveheartfailure３　咳嗽、咳痰、咯血、呼吸困难咳嗽cough咳痰expectoration咯血hemoptysis呼吸困难dyspnea大叶性肺炎lobarpneumonia慢性阻塞性肺气肿chronicobstructiveemphysema支气管哮喘bronchialasthma胸腔积液pleuraleffusion气胸pneumothorax４　恶心、呕吐、消化道出血、腹痛、腹泻、黄疸恶心nausea呕

4、吐vomiting呕血hematemesis黑便melena便血hematochezia隐血occultblood里急后重tenesmus腹痛abdominalpain腹泻diarrhea便秘constipation黄疸jaundice５　血尿、尿频、尿急、尿痛、少尿、多尿血尿hematuria尿频frequentmicturition尿急urgentm]ctunt]on尿痛(排尿困难)dysuria少尿oliguria多尿polyuria６　头痛、昏厥、昏迷头痛headache昏厥syncope嗜睡somnolence意

5、识模糊confusion昏睡stupor昏迷coma三　体格检查１　一般检查和头、颈部检查生命征vitalsign恶病质cachexia肥胖obesiy意识障碍disturbanceofconsciousness瘀点petechia血肿hematoma肝掌liverpalms蜘蛛痣spiderangioma水肿edema淋巴结肿大lymphnodeenlargement２　胸部、肺部体格检查胸骨角sternalangle胸壁chestwaH皮下气肿subcutaneousemphysema扁平胸flatchest桶状胸ba

6、rrelchest乳房breast三凹征threedepressionssign酸中毒呼吸kussmaulbreath潮式呼吸chevne-stokesbreath语音震颤vocaltremitus肺泡呼吸音vesicularbreathsounds支气管呼吸音bronchialbreathsounds啰音rale湿啰音moistrale干罗音rhonchi语音共振vocalresonance胸膜摩擦音pleuralfrictionrub３　心脏、血管检查心尖搏动apicalimpulse震颤thrill心房颤动atria

7、lfibrillation心房扑动atrialflutter期前收缩prematurebeat心律cardiacrhythm大炮音cannonsound心音分裂splittingofheartsounds三音律triplerhythm四音律quadruplerhythm二联律bigeminy三联律trigeminy奔马律galloprhythm开瓣音openingsnap心包叩击音pericardialknock肿瘤扑落音tumorplop喀喇音click收缩期杂音systolicmurmur舒张期杂音diastolicm

8、urmur连续性杂音continuousmurmur心包摩擦音pedcardialfrictionsound主动脉瓣狭窄aorticstenosis主动脉瓣关闭不全aorticinsufficiency二尖瓣关闭不全mitralinsufficiency二尖瓣狭窄mitralstenosis肺动脉瓣相对