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1、DesignofreinforcedconcretebridgesP.JacksonGiordandPartnersTheshortestspanreinforcedconcretedecksarebuiltassolidslabs.Thesemaybesupportedonbearingsalthough,duetodurabilityissueswithexpansionjointsandbearings,itisusuallypreferabletocastthemintegralwithin-situabut
2、mentsorplacethemaspartofprecastboxculverts.Asthespanincreases,theoptimumformofconstructionchangestovoidedslaborbeamandslabthenboxgirderbridges.Openspandrelarchesenablerelativelylongspans,morecommonlybuiltinsteelorprestressedconcrete,tobebuiltefficientlyinreinfo
3、rcedconcrete.Reinforcedconcreteisalsousedfordeckslabsandsubstructuresforbridgeswithmainelementsofsteelorprestressedconcrete.Thekeydesigncriteriaandchecksrequiredbycodesarethesameregardlessoftheformofconstruction.Theseareforultimatestrengthinflexure,shearandtors
4、ionandforserviceabilityissuesincludingcrackwidthsandservicestresses.Forelementswithsignificantliveloadratios,reinforcementfatiguemaysometimesalsohavetobechecked.IntroductionMostmodernsmallbridgesareofreinforcedconcreteconstructionandnearlyallmodernbridgescontai
5、nsomeelementsofreinforcedconcrete(RC).Inthischapter,thedesignofreinforcedconcretebridgesuperstructuresisconsideredandsomeaspectsofthedesigncriteriaforreinforcedconcrete,whicharealsorelevanttootherreinforcedconcretesubstructuresandreinforcedconcretepartsofbridge
6、swithsteelorprestressedmainelements,arereviewed.Somespecificaspectswhicharemostoftenrelevanttodeckslabsinbridgeswithprestressedorsteelbeamswillbeconsideredinthesectiononbeamandslabbridges.Insitureinforcedconcreteconstructionhasthegreatadvantageofsimplicity;form
7、workisplaced,reinforcementfixedandconcretepouredandthestructureisthencom-plete.Inmodernpractice,precastbridgeelementsareusuallyprestressed.Forsmallerelements,thisisbecausepretensioningonlonglinebedsisaconvenientmethodofprovidingthesteel.Forlargerstructures,post
8、-tensioningprovidesthemostconvenientwayoffixingmanageablesizedelementstogether.Theresultisthat,withsomeexceptionswhichwillbediscussed,purelyreinforcedconcretebridgesareusual
