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1、SHL20-2.45/400-WⅠ型自然循环蒸汽锅炉设计摘要锅炉是发电、化工及机械制造等工业部门的重要能源、热源的动力设备。锅炉由许多部件组成，包括锅筒，过热器，空气预热器,省煤器等。本次设计的任务是设计SHL20-2.45/400-WⅠ锅炉，为双锅筒自然循环蒸汽锅炉。炉膛四周布置有水冷壁，为保证炉膛中持续和稳定的燃烧，采用高而短的前拱和低而长的后拱。在炉膛之后设有蒸汽过热器，上下锅筒之间布置密集的对流锅炉管束，为主要受热面。尾部烟道布置有省煤器和空气预热器。布置省煤器以降低排烟温度,提高锅炉效率.布置空气预热器,加强着火和燃烧,同时也可以降低
2、排烟温度,提高锅炉效率。燃料为一类无烟煤，其低位发热量为18187kJ/kg。在整个设计过程中作为技术支持进行了热力计算、强度计算和烟风阻力计算。为了使小型锅炉的结构紧凑，大部分受热面都布置在炉膛内,同时，还要确保有一定的气密性以保证炉膛内进行负压燃烧。利用CAD,完成了锅炉总图、炉墙图、上锅筒展开图、本体图、集箱图。关键词蒸汽锅炉；设计；热力计算；强度计算；烟风阻力计算DesignfortheneturalcirculationsteamboilerSHW20-2.45/400-WⅠAbstractThedemandonSecurityand
3、economyonenergyofindustryproductionhavebecomeimportanttopicattendedbysocietywithdevelopmentofnativeeconomy.Theboilerismadeupofmanydepartment,includedrum,superheater，air-preheater,economizerandsoon.Thethemeofthisdocumentistodesignastreamboiler,whosetypeisSHW20-2.45/400-WⅠ，The
4、boilerisdouble-drumnaturalcirculationsteamboiler.aroundthefurnacearewaterwalls,Toensurethegoodandcontinuousignitioninthefurnace,Itakeahighandshortfrontarch,shilethebackarchislowandlong.Behindthefurnaceisthesteamsuperheater.Therearedensetubenestbetweenthetwodrums,whichcompose
5、themainheat-deliverysurface.Inthebackstakeflue,Isettheeconomizerandair-preheater.Settheeconomizertodeclinethetenperatuerofthestackgasandimprovetheefficiencyinthefurnaceandsettheair-preheatertostrengthenignitionandfiring,meantimetodeclinethetemperatureofthestackgasandimprovet
6、heefficiencyinthefurnace.Thedesignfuelisthenumberoneanthracite,whoselowerradiationvalueis18187kJ/kg.Throughoutthedesignprocessasatechnicalsupportforthethermodynamiccalculation,strengthcalculationandthesmokewindresistancecalculation.Toenablesmallboilercompactstructure,mostoft
7、heheatingsurfaceareinstalledinthehearth,meanwhile,weshouldalsoensurethatthereissomehermetictoensurethatwithinthevacuumchambercombustion.UsingCAD,completedatotalmapboiler,furnacewallmap,themaponthedrumstarted,noumenonmap,gatherboxmap.Keywordssteamboiler;design;thermodynamicen
8、ergycalculation；intensitycalculation；thesmokeandbreezeresistancecalculation
