心理干预对围术期患者的影响

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1、心理干预对围术期患者的影响［摘要］目的研究心理干预在缓解围术期焦虑方面的作用。方法选取ASAⅠ~Ⅲ级的外科住院患者120例。排除精神疾病及昏迷患者，不限手术种类。随机分为干预组（A组）、对照组（B组）。两组患者于术前一天均由麻醉科医师访视，并以SAS焦虑量表进行心理评分，记录血压、脉搏、心率（基础）及学历。A组患者除常规身体准备外，还由麻醉医师向其介绍麻醉和手术方面的详细信息，解答患者提出的疑问。入手术室两组患者以SAS焦虑量表进行心理评分。记录血压、脉搏、心率。术后第一天随访，同时以SAS焦虑量表进行心理评分。记录血压、脉搏、心率变化。结果A组干预前后焦虑评分比较；A

2、组术后焦虑评分与术前比；干预后A、B两组比较；术后A、B两组比较，差异均有显著性。结论通过麻醉医师术前心理干预可以降低外科围术期患者焦虑程度，同时表现在血压、心率更趋正常。40~60岁年龄段焦虑评分高于20~40岁年龄段与>60岁年龄段。但患者血压、心率与同年龄段的焦虑程度无关。［关键词］焦虑；围术期；心理干预Effectofpsychotherapyonanxietyreactionofpatientsduringperioperativeperiod［Abstract］ObjectiveToinvestigatetheeffectof8psychotherap

3、yonanxietyreactionofpatientsduringperioperativeperiod.MethodsOnehundredandtwentyASAⅠ~Ⅲsurgicalinpatients.Theseinpatientshadnotgotpsychologicaldiseasesorcoma.Thekindofsurgicaloperationswasnotlimited.Theinpatientsweredividedintotwogroupsatrandom:GroupAandGroupB.Thepatientsoftwogroupswerevi

4、sitedbyanesthetistonthedaybeforetheoperation.ThescoresofSAS，bloodpressure，pulse，rateandeducationalbackgroundwererecorded.TheanesthetistintroducedtheprocessoftheoperationandansweredthequestionswhichthepatientscaredaboutfortheGroupA.Duringtheoperation，thedataofthetwogroups，includingthescor

5、esofSAS，bloodpressure，pulse，ratewasrecorded.Onthefirstdayaftertheoperation，thescoreswererecordedagain.ResultsThedataofthecomparisonswasdifferentinstatistics.InthecomparisoningroupA，thescoreswegotbeforethepsychotherapyandafteritweredifferent.Thescoresbeforetheoperationandafteritwerediffer

6、enttoo.InthecomparisonbetweentheGroupAandGroupB，thescoresafterthepsychotherapyandtheoperationweredifferent.ConclusionThepsychotherapyoftheanesthetistbeforeoperationcouldalleviateanxietyreactionofpatientsduringoperations.Thiscouldbetestifiedbythebloodpressure，pulse，rateofpatients8duringop

7、eration.Meanwhile，wefoundthatthepatientsfrom40to60yearsoldweremoreeasilytobenervousduringtheoperation.Butthisphenomenonisnotnecessarilyboundupwiththebloodpressure，pulseandrate.［Keywords］anxious;perioperativeperiod外科手术是许多疾病诊断和治疗的主要手段，具有一定的创伤性，对患者躯体完整性和功能完整性都具有不同程度的损伤，是一种强烈