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1、Grammar非谓语动词非谓语动词功能比较todo的复合结构-ingform的复合结构非谓语动词的否定式-ingform与pp的区别`1.谓语动词与非谓语动词：在句子中担任谓语的动词，叫做谓语动词；在句子中担任主语、宾语、表语、定语和状语等的动词，叫做非谓语动词。Weshouldservethepeopleheartandsoul.Iamreadinganovel.ShefoundEnglishhardtolearn.Seeingisbelieving.Theresultsobtainedare
2、quitesatisfactory.Pleasestopspeaking.（谓语）（谓语）（状语）（主语和表语）（定语）（宾语）2.非谓语动词的分类不定式(infinitive)分词（participle）动名词（gerund）3.非谓语动词的特点1)不能单独做谓语，但可和助动词或情态动词组成谓语。Yououghttohavebeenhereyesterday.2)具有动词的特征，可以有自己的宾语或状语。ThePartycalledonustoservethepeople.3)连系动词的非谓语动
3、词形式后还可以带表语。Thestudentsranoutoftheclassroom,laughingmerrily.Tobefrank,yourplanisnotpracticable.主语表语宾语定语补语状语todo-ingformpp非谓语动词功能比较Playingwithfireisdangerous.Lookout！Toplaywithfireisdangerous.主语todo表示具体的动作，-ingform表示泛指的动作。2.不定式短语作主语时，往往放在谓语之后，用it作形式主语。
4、Itisrighttogiveupsmoking.Itmademeveryhappytohearhertalkaboutit.①It＋be＋名词＋todoIt'sourdutytotakegoodcareoftheold.②Ittakessb+sometime+todoHowlongdidittakeyoutofinishthework?③It＋be＋形容词＋forsb＋todoItisdifficultforustofinishwritingthecompositioninaquarterof
5、anhour.④It＋be＋形容词＋ofsb＋todoItisstupidofyoutowritedowneverythingtheteachersays.⑤Itseems(appears)＋形容词＋todoItseemedimpossibletosavemoney.（for引出动作发出者）Itis+adj+forsbtodosthItiseasyformetofinishthisworkbeforeten.Itisagreathonorforustobepresentatyourbirthda
6、yparty.kind,good,nice,wise,unwise,clever,foolish,cruel,careless,stupid,naughty,polite,impolite,silly,wrong,brave,honest,noble，right,rude等Itisverykindofyoutogivemesomehelp.It'simpoliteofyoutospeaktotheteacherlikethat.注意：常用在of句型中的adj有：＝Youareverykindto
7、givemesomehelp.＝Youareimpolitetospeaktotheteacherlikethat.主语（of引出adj修饰的对象）Itis+adj+ofsbtodosth3.“thereisno+doing”句型动名词后常带宾语，相当于"It'simpossibleto…"结构。There’snosayingwhathe’llbedoingnext.There’snotellingwhathe’sgoingtodo.4.It's+nogood(nouse,fun,apleasu
8、re,awasteoftime)+doing…It‘snogoodreadingindim(昏暗的）light.It'snousesittingherewaiting.不定式作主语经常表示具体动作，常与特定的动作执行者联系在一起；而动名词作主语经常表示抽象动作，经常不与特定的动作执行者联系在一起。It'snogoodeatingtoomuchfat.It'snogoodforyoutoeatsomuchfat.Theofficersnarrowlyescaped___________intheh
