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1、宾语补足语的用法英语的五个基本结构S十V主谓结构S十V十P主系表结构S十V十O主谓宾结构S十V十O1十O2主谓双宾结构S十V十O十C主谓宾补结构说明:S=主语;V=谓语;P=表语;O=宾语;O1=间接宾语;O2=直接宾语;C=宾语补足语1.S十V句式Herunsquickly.他跑得快。2.S十V十P句式:Thestorysoundsinteresting.这个故事听起来有趣。3.S十V十O句式Theybuiltahouselastyear.他们去年建了一所房子。4.S十V十O1十O2句式Heofferedmehi
2、sseat/hisseattome.他把座位让给我。5.S十V十O十C句式Theyfoundherhappythatday.他们发现那天她很高兴。Ifoundhimout.我发现他出去了。TheynamedtheboyCharlie.他们给这个男孩起名为查理。Isawhimcomeinandgoout.我见他进来又出去。Theyfeltthecarmovingfast.他们感到汽车行驶得很快。Hefoundthedoorofstudyclosedtohim.他发现研究所的大门对他关闭了。一、可以充当宾语补足语的词和
3、词组有:1、名词:Wemadehimourmonitor.Theythoughtthisgoodadvice.TheynamedtheirdaughterJenny.注①:常用名词充当宾语补足语的动词有:call,name,elect,make,think,appoint,choose,find,consider,keep,wish,feel等。注②:充当宾语补足语的名词若表示正式的或独一无二的头衔、职位时,前面一般不用冠词,如:TheyelectedJohnchairmanofthecommittee.2、形容词
4、:Youshouldkeepyourroomcleanandtidy.We’dbetterleavethedooropen.注:常用形容词充当宾语补足语的动词有:believe,think,get,keep,make,find,set,like,wish,see,consider,prove,have,leave,以及paint,drive,turn,cut等。3、现在分词:I’msorrytohavekeptyouwaitingforsolong.Icouldfeelthecoldwindblowingonmyf
5、ace.Atthismomentshenoticedtheteachercomingin.一、可以充当宾语补足语的词和词组有:5、过去分词:HewatchedtheTVsetcarriedoutoftheroom.Lastyeartheyhadtheirhouserebuilt.WhenyouspeakEnglish,besuretomakeyourselfunderstood.4、动词不定式:Nobodycouldmakehimchangehismind.Wouldyoulikemetocomealongwith
6、you?Hebelievedtheearthtobeaglobe.一、可以充当宾语补足语的词和词组有:6.此外,副词和介词短语也可以充当宾语补足语,如:Whendoyouwantitback?Whydidn’tyouinvitethemin?Wecouldhearthechildrenatplayoutside.二、宾语和其补足语之间的逻辑关系:1、当名词、形容词、副词和介词短语充当宾语补足语时,它们和宾语之间有着逻辑上的主谓关系,若无宾语补足语,则句意不完整。宾语补足语说明宾语的情况、性质、特征、状态、身份或属类
7、等。试比较:Wemadehimourmonitor.(Heisourmonitor.)Youshouldkeepyourroomcleanandtidy.(Yourroomiscleanandtidy.)Wecouldhearthechildrensingingintheclassroom.(Thechildrenaresingingintheclassroom.)二、宾语和其补足语之间的逻辑关系:3、当过去分词充当宾语补足语时,它与宾语之间有着动宾关系,即:宾语是过去分词所表示的动作的承受者,如:Ioncehea
8、rdthissongsunginJapanese.(ThissongwasoncesunginJapanese.)Ididn’twantthechildrentakenoutinsuchweather.(Thechildrenweretakenoutinsuchweather.)三、在用现在分词或不定式作宾语补足语的动词中,有些只能用现在分词作宾语补足语;有