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1、乳腺癌患者手术前后心理状态调查分析及对策【摘要】 目的了解乳腺癌患者术前术后心理状态及影响患者心理状态的因素。方法应用焦虑自评量表(SAS)和抑郁自评量表(SDS),对201例乳腺癌患者于术前1周,术后1周、1个月、6个月进行4次心理状态调查,并对引起患者焦虑,抑郁的原因进行分析。结果乳腺癌患者术前及术后各阶段均存在明显的焦虑、抑郁症状,但随着时间的推移,患者焦虑、抑郁症状逐渐减轻。引起乳腺癌患者术前、术后焦虑、抑郁的原因在各阶段有所不同。术前1周主要原因为手术方式选择、术中并发症、康复知识的缺乏。术后主要原因依次为切口愈合,经济问题,乳房缺如,家庭、工作、社会问题、
2、术后复发、转移。结论乳腺癌患者术前及术后各阶段均存在不同的心理问题,针对心理问题及其成因为患者提供个性化的心理指导,利用一切可能的途径来减轻患者的经济负担,实施有效的健康教育,帮助患者寻求更多的社会及家庭支持等技术措施,改善乳腺癌患者的心理状态,提高生存质量。【关键词】乳腺癌焦虑抑郁 Investigationonpre-andpost-operativepsychologicalstatusofpatientswithbreastcancerandcountermeasure7[Abstract]ObjectiveTostudypre-andpost-operati
3、vepsychologicalstatusofpatientswithbreastcancerandfactorsinfluencingpatients’psychologicalstatus.MethodsWeusedself-ratinganxietyscale(SRS),self-ratingdepressionscale(SDS),made4timesofpsychologicalstatusinvestigationonpatientswithbreastcanceroneweekbeforeoperation,oneweek,onemonth,sixmont
4、hsafteroperation,respectively.Andanalyzedthereasoncausingpatientsanxietyordepression.ResultsTherewereobviousanxiousordepressedsymptominpatientswithbreastcancerbeforeandafteroperation.Withthetimegoingby,theiranxiousordepressedsymptomrelievedgradually.Thereasoncausingpatients’anxiousordepr
5、essedsymptomwerevariousindifferentphases.Inoneweekbeforeoperation,themainreasonswereselectionofoperativemethods,complicationsduringoperationandlackofrehabilitatingknowledge.Thepost-operativemainreasonswerewoundhealing,economicquestion,lackofbreast,family,work,socialquestion,recurrenceand
6、metastasisinturnafteroperation.ConclusionTherewereobviousanxiousordepressedsymptominpatientswithbreastcancerbeforeandafteroperation.Weshouldprovideindividualpsychological7guidanceaccordingtopsychologicalquestionanditsreason,relievepatients’economicburdenbyusinganypossibleway,implementeff
7、ectivehealtheducation,helppatientsseekmoresupportsfromsocietyandfamily,improvepsychologicalstatusofpatientswithbreastcancer,improvepatients’livingquality.[Keywords]cancerofbreast;anxiety;depression随着现代医学从纯的医学模式向生物-心理-社会医学模式的转变,生活质量成为新的健康指标,而心理问题已成为影响乳腺癌患者生活质量的主要因素。据报道:60%