英国的政治制度ppt

《英国的政治制度ppt》由会员上传分享，免费在线阅读，更多相关内容在教育资源-天天文库。

1、BritishPoliticalSystemMonarchyParliamentGovernmentCabinetPoliticalPartiesGeneralElectionConstitutionalMonarchyTheKingorQueenisthepersonificationoftheState.Anold-fashionedgovernmentOnthebasisofconstitutionalmonarchyHeadofstate:thekingorqueenInpractice:theSovereignreigns,butdoesnotrule.I.ABri

2、efIntroductionThepresentSovereign:QueenElizabethIIsince19523.PrinceCharlesistheheirtothethrone.PrinceWilliamArthurPhilipLouisWindsorandPrinceWilliamTheRoyalFamilyGiveseffectstoalllawsastheheadoftheexecutivebranchofthegovernmentMaypardoncriminaloffencesandcancelpunishmentsThecommander-in-chi

3、efofthearmedforcesandthetemporalheadoftheChurchofEnglandThePoweroftheQueen4.Confersalltitlesofrank,andappointsjudges,armyofficers,governors,bishopsanddiplomats5.Concludestreaties,declareswar,andmakespeacewithothernationsTheImportanceofMonarchy1.Effectsonpublicattitude3.Asymbolofnationalunit

4、y4.Preservesthehumanrightsandproperty2.RepresentsthepoliticalcontinuityandadaptabilityTheRoyalDutiesVisitsmanypartsofBritainPaysstatevisitstoforeigncountriesToursotherCommon-wealthcountriesTheConstitutionBritaindoesn’thaveaconstitutionwrittendowninasingledocument.Theconstitutionflowsfrom(出自

5、，来自)6sources:1)TheRoyalPrerogatives皇家特权2)*StatuteLaws成文法3)*CommonLaws普通法,判例法4)*Conventions习惯法5)AuthoritativeOpinions权威意见6)EuropeanUnionLaws欧盟法IsraelandBritainaretheonlytwocountrieswithoutwrittenconstitutions.英国宪法不是一个具体的法律文本，但实际上其大部分内容还是以成文法的形式出现的，包括由议会通过的法例、法院的判例和国际公约等等。除此之外，英国宪法的法律渊源还包括英国议

6、会惯例和国王特权。Parliamentconsistsof3constituentparts:theymustallagreetopassanygivenlegislationCrown(OfficialHead)HouseofLords(theUpperHouse)HouseofCommons(theLowerHouse)ParliamentUK:aunitarystateTheParliamentatWestminster(London)In1999,ScotlandandWaleshadtheirownparliamentsIn2007,NorthernIrelands

7、etupitsparliamentUKseemstobemovingtowardfederalism.Legislature(立法机关)=ParliamentParliamentisthehighestlegislativeauthorityintheUK–theinstitutionresponsibleformakingandrepealing(废止)alltheUKlaws.It’salsoknownastheLegislature.Function:MakealltheUKlaws;Scruti