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1、表演艺术的历史争论——体验与表现（Thehistoricalcontroversyofperformingart--experienceandexpression）Thehistoricalcontroversyofperformingart--experienceandexpressionAboutthecreativemethodsofperformingart,Europehadexperiencedthedebatebetweentheschoolofexperienceandexpressionism,thetwoschoolsdebatedformorethan
2、200years,theChinesedramaindustryin1961hasalsodiscussedthisissue.TherepresentativeholdstheviewofDiderot,theFrenchphilosopherineighteenthCenturytheFrenchactorGegelan(1841-1909);therepresentativesenttheexperienceofBritishactorHenry,Erwin(1839-1905),ItalyactorsalVigny(1829-1916),andStanislavsk
3、iinrussia.Thefocusofthetwodebatesiswhethertheactorsreallywanttobeemotionalintheperformance."Anactorshouldtaketheinitiativetofeelhisshowemotionsandbemoved?Orshouldbecompletelyindifferent,sothattheiremotionsandtheemotionsoftheroleasifthereisadistance,justtomaketheaudiencethinkheistouchedbyit
4、?"Expressionismisimportantenoughtofindthattheperformancereflectstheinnerworldofcharactersofexternalform,andhavetheabilitytoaccuratelyreproducetheformineveryperformance,tomovetheaudienceeffect,ratherthantheactormoved.Theactorstobeverycalmandrationaltocontrolthemselves,cannotletthefeelingsof
5、thedrive.Diderotsaid:"thewholetalentoftheactor,unlikeyouassume,justfeel,butcarefulexpressionofthosedeceivedyourfeelingsoftheexternalmark.Hiscriesofpainspreadoutinhisears.Hisdesperategesturescamefrommemory,readyinfrontofthemirror.Heknowstherighttimetopickuphishandkerchiefandshedhistears;you
6、waitandsee,it'snottoolate,andwhenitcomestothis,thetearsjustcomeout.Thissoundandfuryandfainttrembling;completelyimitatethecryisprecookedtoreviewhomework,isexcitingsad,istheperfectcopy."Forexample,heargued:"le.JournalofPaganiniplayedas,inhisfather'sgrave,killhismother,outoftime,onehandblood,
7、histerror,limbsshaking,eyesgrowdim,likeahairbristled.Youfeelterror,youfeellikeyou'retrembling,asexcitedasheis.Butle.Journalofsidesideacting,seeanactorandadusterdiamondearrings,takethefootkickingitbackstagetod.Didtheactorentertherole?Impossible.Doyouthinkhe'sab
