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1、-4-1.ElizabethI(7September1533–24March1603)2.伊丽莎白(7September1533–24March1603)3.AllQueensofEngland4.英国历代王朝及国王列表ElizabethI(7September1533–24March1603)ElizabethI(7September1533–24March1603)wasQueenofEnglandandQueenofIrelandfrom17November1558untilherdeath.SometimescalledTheVirginQ
2、ueen,Gloriana,orGoodQueenBess,ElizabethwasthefifthandlastmonarchoftheTudordynasty.ThedaughterofHenryVIII,shewasbornaprincess,buthermother,AnneBoleyn,wasexecutedthreeyearsafterherbirth,andElizabethwasdeclaredillegitimate.Herbrother,EdwardVI,cutheroutofthesuccession.Hiswill,howe
3、ver,wassetaside,andin1558Elizabethsucceededherhalf-sister,theCatholicMary,duringwhosereignshehadbeenimprisonedfornearlyayearonsuspicionofsupportingProtestantrebels.Elizabethsetouttorulebygoodcounsel,［1］andshedependedheavilyonagroupoftrustedadvisersledbyWilliamCecil,BaronBurghl
4、ey.OneofherfirstmovesasqueenwastosupporttheestablishmentofanEnglishProtestantchurch,ofwhichshebecametheSupremeGovernor.ThisElizabethanReligiousSettlementheldfirmthroughoutherreignandlaterevolvedintotoday'sChurchofEngland.ItwasexpectedthatElizabethwouldmarry,butdespiteseveralpe
5、titionsfromparliament,sheneverdid.Thereasonsforthischoiceareunknown,andtheyhavebeenmuchdebated.Asshegrewolder,Elizabethbecamefamousforhervirginity,andacultgrewuparoundherwhichwascelebratedintheportraits,pageantsandliteratureoftheday.Ingovernment,Elizabethwasmoremoderatethanher
6、fatherandsiblings.［2］Oneofhermottoeswasvideoettaceo:"Isee,andsaynothing".［3］Thisstrategy,viewedwithimpatiencebyhercounsellors,oftensavedherfrompoliticalandmaritalmisalliances.ThoughElizabethwascautiousinforeignaffairsandonlyhalf-heartedlysupportedanumberofineffective,poorlyres
7、ourcedmilitarycampaignsintheNetherlands,FranceandIreland,thedefeatoftheSpanisharmadain1588associatedhernameforeverwithwhatispopularlyviewedasoneofthegreatestvictoriesinEnglishhistory.Within20yearsofherdeath,shewasbeingcelebratedastherulerofagoldenage,animagethatretainsitsholdo
8、ntheEnglishpeople.Elizabeth'sreignisknownastheElizabethanera,
