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1、principlesofmodernphysicsprinciplesofmodelrnphysicsNEILASHBYSTANLEYC.MILLERUniversityofColoradoHOLDEN-DAY,INC.SanFranciscoCambridgeLondonAmsterdamoCopyright1970byHolden-Day,Inc.,500SansomeStreetSanFrancisco,CaliforniaAllrightsreserved.Nopartofthisbookmaybereproducedinanyform,bymimeographoran
2、yothermeans,withoutpermissioninwritingfromthepublisher.libraryofCongressCatalogCardNumber:71-l13182ManufacturedintheUnitedStatesofAmericaHOLDEN-DAYSERIESINPHYSICSMcAllisterHullandDavidS.Saxon,EditorsprefaceThisbookisintendedasageneralintroductiontomodernphysicsforscienceandengineeringstudent
3、s.Itiswrittenatalevelwhichpresurnesapriortullyear’scourseinclassicalphysics,andaknowledgeofelementarydifferentialandintegralcalculus.Thematerialdiscussedhereincludesprobability,relativity,quantumme-chanics,atomicphysics,statisticalmechanics,nuclearphysicsandelementaryparticles.Someofthesetop
4、&,suchasstatisticalmechanicsandprobability,areordinarilynotincludedintextbooksatthislevel.However,wehavefeltthatforproperunderstandingofmanytopicsinmodernphysics--suchasquaIlturnme-chanicsanditsapplications--thismaterialisessential.Itisouropilnionthatpresent-dayscienceandengineeringstudentss
5、houldbeabletoworlkquanti-tativelywiththeconceptsofmodernphysics.Therefore,wehaveattemptedtopresenttheseideasinamannerwhichislogicalandfairlyrigorous.Anumberoftopics,especiallyinquantum1mechanics,arepresentedingreaterdepththaniscustomary.Inmanycases,uniquewaysofpresentationaregivenwhichgreatl
6、ysimplifythediscussionoftheretopics.However,fewofthedevelopmentsrequiremoremathematicsthanelementarycalculusandthealgebraofcomplexnurn-bers;inafewplaces,familiaritywithpartialdifferentiationwillbenecessary.Unifyingconceptswhichhalveimportantapplicationsthroughoutmodernphysics,suchasrelativit
7、y,probabilityandthelawsofconservation,havebeenstressed.Almostalltheoreticaldevelopmentsarelinkedtoexamplesanddatatakenfromexperiment.Summariesareincludedattheendofeachchapter,aswellasproblemswithwidevariationsindifficulty.Thisbookwaswrittenforusein
