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1、QuantumMechanicsQuantumMechanicsFourtheditionAlastairI.M.RaeDepartmentofPhysicsUniversityofBirminghamUKInstituteofPhysicsPublishingBristolandPhiladelphiacIOPPublishingLtd2002Allrightsreserved.Nopartofthispublicationmaybereproduced,storedinaretrievalsystemortransmittedinanyformorbya
2、nymeans,electronic,mechanical,photocopying,recordingorotherwise,withoutthepriorpermissionofthepublisher.MultiplecopyingispermittedinaccordancewiththetermsoflicencesissuedbytheCopyrightLicensingAgencyunderthetermsofitsagreementwithUniversitiesUK(UUK).BritishLibraryCataloguing-in-Pub
3、licationDataAcataloguerecordforthisbookisavailablefromtheBritishLibrary.ISBN0750308397LibraryofCongressCataloging-in-PublicationDataareavailableFirstedition1980Secondedition1986Reprinted1987Reprintedwithcorrections1990Reprinted1991Thirdedition1992Reprinted1993Reprintedwithcorrectio
4、ns1996Reprinted1998,2001Fourthedition2002CommissioningEditor:JamesRevillProductionEditor:SimonLaurensonProductionControl:SarahPlentyCoverDesign:Fr´ed´eriqueSwistPublishedbyInstituteofPhysicsPublishing,whollyownedbyTheInstituteofPhysics,LondonInstituteofPhysicsPublishing,DiracHouse,
5、TempleBack,BristolBS16BE,UKUSOffice:InstituteofPhysicsPublishing,ThePublicLedgerBuilding,Suite1035,150SouthIndependenceMallWest,Philadelphia,PA19106,USATypesetintheUKbyText2Text,Torquay,DevonPrintedintheUKbyMPGBooksLtd,Bodmin,CornwallToAngusandGavinContentsPrefacetoFourthEditionxiPr
6、efacetoThirdEditionxiiiPrefacetoSecondEditionxvPrefacetoFirstEditionxvii1Introduction11.1Thephotoelectriceffect21.2TheComptoneffect31.3Linespectraandatomicstructure51.4deBrogliewaves61.5Waveparticleduality71.6Therestofthisbook12Problems132Theone-dimensionalSchrodingerequations¨142.
7、1Thetime-dependentSchr¨odingerequation142.2Thetime-independentSchr¨odingerequation182.3Boundaryconditions192.4Examples202.5Quantummechanicaltunnelling272.6Theharmonicoscillator33Problems383Thethree-dimensionalSchrodingerequations¨393.1Thewaveequations393.2SeparationinCartesiancoord
8、inates413.3Separationinsph
