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1、QuantumMechanicsQuantumMechanicsFourtheditionAlastairI.M.RaeDepartmentofPhysicsUniversityofBirminghamUKInstituteofPhysicsPublishingBristolandPhiladelphiacIOPPublishingLtd2002Allrightsreserved.Nopartofthispublicationmaybereproduced,storedinaretrievalsystemortra
2、nsmittedinanyformorbyanymeans,electronic,mechanical,photocopying,recordingorotherwise,withoutthepriorpermissionofthepublisher.MultiplecopyingispermittedinaccordancewiththetermsoflicencesissuedbytheCopyrightLicensingAgencyunderthetermsofitsagreementwithUniversi
3、tiesUK(UUK).BritishLibraryCataloguing-in-PublicationDataAcataloguerecordforthisbookisavailablefromtheBritishLibrary.ISBN0750308397LibraryofCongressCataloging-in-PublicationDataareavailableFirstedition1980Secondedition1986Reprinted1987Reprintedwithcorrections19
4、90Reprinted1991Thirdedition1992Reprinted1993Reprintedwithcorrections1996Reprinted1998,2001Fourthedition2002CommissioningEditor:JamesRevillProductionEditor:SimonLaurensonProductionControl:SarahPlentyCoverDesign:Fr´ed´eriqueSwistPublishedbyInstituteofPhysicsPubl
5、ishing,whollyownedbyTheInstituteofPhysics,LondonInstituteofPhysicsPublishing,DiracHouse,TempleBack,BristolBS16BE,UKUSOffice:InstituteofPhysicsPublishing,ThePublicLedgerBuilding,Suite1035,150SouthIndependenceMallWest,Philadelphia,PA19106,USATypesetintheUKbyText2
6、Text,Torquay,DevonPrintedintheUKbyMPGBooksLtd,Bodmin,CornwallToAngusandGavinContentsPrefacetoFourthEditionxiPrefacetoThirdEditionxiiiPrefacetoSecondEditionxvPrefacetoFirstEditionxvii1Introduction11.1Thephotoelectriceffect21.2TheComptoneffect31.3Linespectraanda
7、tomicstructure51.4deBrogliewaves61.5Waveparticleduality71.6Therestofthisbook12Problems132Theone-dimensionalSchrodingerequations¨142.1Thetime-dependentSchr¨odingerequation142.2Thetime-independentSchr¨odingerequation182.3Boundaryconditions192.4Examples202.5Quant
8、ummechanicaltunnelling272.6Theharmonicoscillator33Problems383Thethree-dimensionalSchrodingerequations¨393.1Thewaveequations393.2SeparationinCartesiancoordinates413.3Separationinsph
