太阳能热光伏发电系统研究与仿真外文翻译

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1、太阳能热光伏发电系统研究与仿真外文翻译Introduction11PhotovoltaicEnergyConversion12solarCellsandSolarEnergyConversion13solarCellApplicationsReferences11PHOTOVOLTAICENERGYCONVERSIONPhotovoltaicenergyconversionisthedirectproductionofelectricalenergyintheformofcurrentandvoltagefromelectromagneticielightincludin

2、ginfraredvisibleandultravioletenergyThebasicfourstepsneededforphotovoltaicenergyconversionare1alightabsorptionprocesswhichcausesatransitioninamaterialtheabsorberfromgroundstatetoanexcitedstatetheconversionoftheexcitedstateintoatleastafreenegativeandfreepositive-chargecarrierspairand3discr

3、iminatingtransportmechanismwhichcausestheresultingfreenegative-chargecarrierstomoveinonedirectiontoacon-tactthatwewillcallthecathodeandtheresultingfreepositive-chargecarrierstomoveinanotherdirectiontoacontactthatwewillcalltheanodeTheenergeticphotogeneratednegative-chargecarriersarrivingat

4、thecathoderesultinelectronswhichtravelthroughanexternalpathanelectriccircuitWhiletravelingthispaththeylosetheirenergydoingsomethingusefulatanelectrical"load"andfinallytheyreturntotheanodeofthecellAttheanodeeveryoneofthereturningelectronscompletesthefourthstepofphotovoltaicenergyconversion

5、whichisclosingthecircleby4combiningwithanarrivingpositive-chargecarriertherebyreturningtheabsorbertothegroundstateInsomematerialstheexcitedstatemaybeaphotogeneratedfreeelectron-freeholepairInsuchasituationstep1andstep2coalesceInsomematerialstheexcitedstatemaybeanexcitonInwhichcasesteps1an

6、d2aredistinctAstudyofthevariousman-madephotovoltaicdevicesthatcarryoutthesefourstepsisthesubjectofthistextOurmaininterestisphotovoltaicdevicesthatcanefficientlyconverttheenergyinsunlightintousableelectricalenergySuchdevicesaretermedsolarcellsorsolarphotovoltaicdevicesPhotovoltaicdevicesca

7、nbedesignedtobeeffectiveforelectromagneticspectraotherthansunlightForexampledevicescanbedesignedtoconvertradiatedheatinfraredlightintousableelectricalenergyThesearetermedthermalphotovoltaicdevicesTherearealsodeviceswhichdirectlyconvertlightintochemicalenergyIntheset