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1、中医院肛肠科痔(混合痔)围手术期中医干预诊疗方案一、诊断(一)疾病诊断1.中医诊断标准:参照中华人民共和国中医药行业标准《中医病证诊断疗效标准》(ZY/T001.7—94)。中医病名:痔2.西医诊断标准:参照2006年中华医学会外科分会结直肠肛门外科学组、中华中医药学会肛肠分会和中国中西医结合学会肛肠分会联合制定的“痔临床诊治指南”。西医病名:混合痔。(1)症状:①间歇性便血:特点为便时滴血、射血,量多、色鲜红,血不与粪便相混淆。亦可表现为手纸带血。②脱垂:便后颗粒状肿物脱出肛外,初期可自行还纳,后期需用手托回或卧床休息才可复位,严重者下蹲、步行、咳嗽或喷嚏时都可能脱出
2、。③肛门不适感:包括肛门坠胀、异物感、瘙痒或疼痛,可伴有粘液溢出。(2)体征:肛检见齿线上下同一方位粘膜皮肤隆起,连成整体,质柔软,多位于3、7、11点处。(二)证候诊断1.风伤肠络证:大便带血,滴血或喷射状出血,血色鲜红,大便秘结或有肛门瘙痒,舌质红,苔薄黄,脉数。2.湿热下注证:便血色鲜,量较多,肛内肿物外脱,可自行回纳,肛门灼热,重坠不适,苔黄腻,脉弦数或滑数。3.气滞血瘀证:肛内肿物脱出,甚或嵌顿,肛管紧缩,坠胀疼痛,甚则内有血栓形成,肛缘水肿,触痛明显,舌质红,苔白,脉弦细涩。4.脾虚气陷证:肛门松弛,内痔脱出不能自行回纳,需用手法还纳。便血色鲜或淡,伴头晕、
3、气短、面色少华、神疲自汗、纳少、便溏等,舌淡,苔薄白,脉细弱。二、痔手术前后中医干预治疗(一)辩证选择口服汤剂或中成药适用于I度、II度内痔,或痔核嵌顿继发感染,或年老体弱的内痔患者,或兼有其他慢性病,不宜手术者,及痔术后患者,使用时需辩证分型论治。1.风热肠燥证治法:清热祛风,凉血止血方药:凉血地黄汤加减,黄柏、知母、鲜生地、当归、槐角、荆芥炭、地榆炭、丹皮、玄参、火麻仁、郁李仁、生大黄(后下)。2.湿热下注证治法:清热利湿,凉血止血theirownconditionstodevelopthecorrectroad,themaximumtoavoidinvestmen
4、trisk,gainprofit.(three)vigorouslypromotethebrand.Toestablishbrandawareness,awarenessoftheuseofbrand,brandvalue,brandacquisitionperformance,enhancethecompetitivestrength.Concentratedmanpower,carefulplanning,packagingandpublicityofanumberofunique,marketinfluenceandcoverageofthebrand,theim
5、plementationofkeybreakthroughs,toenhancethecompetitivestrength,walkingbusinessroadthecompetitionofalienationandcharacteristics,thepursuitofstabilityanddevelopmentofthemarket.(four)topromotetheintegrationofresources.Tofurtherbroadentheirhorizons,effectiveintegrationofresourceswithinthegro
6、up,thecityresources,otherindustriesandregionalresources,mutualtrust,mutualbenefit,seekingwin-winprinciple,intheframeworkofnationalpoliciesandregulations,strictinspectionandargumentation,legalconsultation,examinationandapprovalprocedures,strictregulationofeconomicactivities,attractinjecti
7、onthesocialinvestmenttotheindustrygroup,toachieveleveragingthedevelopment,ensurethatthevalueofstate-ownedassets.(five)tostrengthentheconstructionmanagementpersonnel.Strengthenthemanagementofeducationandtrainingofcadresandworkersoftheexistingbusiness,firmlyestablishtheconc