生物英语证书考试(pec)-遗传学常用术语

《生物英语证书考试(pec)-遗传学常用术语》由会员上传分享，免费在线阅读，更多相关内容在行业资料-天天文库。

1、生物英语证书考试(PEC)-遗传学常用术语Achondroplasia--themostcommonandwellknownformofshortlimbeddwarfismcharacterizedbyanormaltrunksizewithdisproportionallyshortarmsandlegs,andadisproportionallylargehead;autosomaldominantcondition.Advancedmaternalage--womenoverage34(age35atdelivery)atincreasedriskf

2、ornondisjunctiontrisomyinfetus.Alcoholism--achronicandprogressiveconditioncharacterizedbytheinabilitytocontroltheconsumptionofalcohol.Allele--analternativeformofagene;anyoneofseveralmutationalformsofagene.Alpha-fetoprotein(AFP)--aproteinexcretedbythefetusintotheamnioticfluidandfrom

3、thereintothemother'sbloodstreamthroughtheplacenta.Alurepetitivesequence--themostcommondispersedrepeatedDNAsequenceinthehumangenomeaccountingfor5%ofhumanDNA.ThenameisderivedfromthefactthatthesesequencesarecleavedbytherestrictionendonucleaseAlu.Aminoacidsequence--thelinearorderofthea

4、minoacidsinaproteinorpeptide.Amniocentesis--prenataldiagnosismethodusingcellsintheamnioticfluidtodeterminethenumberandkindofchromosomesofthefetusand,whenindicated,performbiochemicalstudies.Amniocyte--cellsobtainedbyamniocentesis.Amplification--anyprocessbywhichspecificDNAsequencesa

5、rereplicateddisproportionatelygreaterthantheirrepresentationintheparentmolecules.Aneuploidy--stateofhavingvariantchromosomenumber(toomanyortoofew).(i.e.Downsyndrome,Turnersyndrome).Angelmansyndrome--aconditioncharacterizedbyseverementaldeficiency,developmentaldelayandgrowthdeficien

6、cy,puppet-likegaitandfrequentlaughterunconnectedtoemotionsofhappiness.Apertsyndrome--aconditioncausedbytheprematureclosureofthesuturesoftheskullbones,resultinginanalteredheadshape,withwebbedfingersandtoes.Autosomaldominant.Artificialinsemination--theplacementofspermintoafemalerepro

7、ductivetractorthemixingofmaleandfemalegametesbyotherthannaturalmeans.Autosome--anuclearchromosomeotherthantheX-andY-chromosomes.Autoradiograph--aphotographicpictureshowingthepositionofradioactivesubstancesintissues.Bacteriophage--aviruswhosehostisabacterium;commonlycalledphage.Barr

8、body--thecondensedsingleX-