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1、智课网IELTS备考资料雅思阅读材料之天才儿童您当前的位置»智课教育官网»雅思»雅思阅读»文章正文出国英语考试有哪些雅思6.5是什么水平雅思阅读评分标准托福阅读评分标准雅思和托福的区别HOWIQBECOMESIQIn1904theFrenchministerofeducation,facinglimitedresourcesforschooling,soughtawaytoseparatetheunablefromthemerelylazy.AlfredBinetgotthejobofdevisingselectionprinciples
2、andhisbrilliantsolutionputastamponthestudyofintelligenceandwastheforerunnerofintelligencetestsstillusedtoday.Hedevelopedathirty-problemtestin1905,whichtappedseveralabilitiesrelatedtointellect,suchasjudgmentandreasoning.Thetestdeterminedagivenchild'smentalage'.Thetestprevi
3、ouslyestablishedanormforchildrenofagivenphysicalage.Forexample,five-year-oldsonaveragegettenitemscorrect,therefore,achildwithamentalageoffiveshouldscore10,whichwouldmeanthatheorshewasfunctioningprettymuchasothersofthatage.Thechild'smentalagewasthencomparedtohisphysicalage
4、.Alargedisparityinthewrongdirection(e.g.,achildofninewithamentalageoffour)mightsuggestinabilityratherthanlazinessandmeansthatheorshewasearmarkedforspecialschooling.Binet,however,deniedthatthetestwasmeasuringintelligenceandsaidthatitspurposewassimplydiagnostic,forselection
5、only.Thismessagewashoweverlostandcausedmanyproblemsandmisunderstandingslater.AlthoughBinet'stestwaspopular,itwasabitinconvenienttodealwithavarietyofphysicalandmentalages.So,in1912,WilhelmSternsuggestedsimplifyingthisbyreducingthetwotoasinglenumber.Hedividedthementalagebyt
6、hephysicalageandmultipliedtheresultby100.Anaveragechild,irrespectiveofage,wouldscore100.anumbermuchlowerthan100wouldsuggesttheneedforhelpandonemuchhigherwouldsuggestachildwellaheadofhispeer.ThismeasurementiswhatisnowtermedtheIQ(intelligencequotient)scoreandithasevolvedtob
7、eusedtoshowhowaperson,adultorchild,performedinrelationtoothers.ThetermIQwascoinedbyLewism.Terman,professorofpsychologyandeducationofStanfordUniversity,in1916.HehadconstructedanenormouslyinfluentialrevisionofBinet'stest,calledtheStanford-Binettest,versionsofwhicharestillgi
8、venextensively.Thefieldstudyingintelligenceanddevelopingtestseventuallycoalescedintoasub-fieldof
