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1、WenLi,M.D,Ph.DSecondHospital,ZhejiangUniversityInstituteofRespiratoryDiseasesZhejiangUniversitywww.googlehuxi.cnIntroductionofRespiratorySystemWhatistheRespiratorySystem?Respiratorysystemisthesystemthathelpsyoubreathinandout,sooxygen(02)canbepumpedthroug
2、hyourbodyandcarbondioxide(CO2)canberemovedfromthebloodstream.RespiratoryOverviewPictureNasalCavityNoseMouthBronchusBronchioleAlveolusDiaphragmThroat(pharynx)Windpipe(Trachea)LeftlungsRibsMBEpidemiologyTherespiratorydiseasesexcludinglungcancerrankthefourt
3、hmortalityofcitizens,andthefirstinruralareainthestatisticsofyear.Highmorbidity,chronicduration,slowlyinjuryoflungfunctionfinallyleadstothreattolife.Thediagnosisandtherapyofthediseasesdevelopsfaster.CommonsymptomsCoughSputumHemoptysisChestpainDyspneaChest
4、TightnessCoughDrycough----Coughvariedasthma(CVA)Chroniccoughwithexacerbationinwinter----chronicbronchitisAcuteexacerbationwithfever---Acutepharyngitis（急性咽炎）,bronchitis,bronchiolitis（细支气管炎）.Coughwithdyspnea----lungcancerwithinvolvementofbrochiolesSputumIr
5、on-rust(Rusty)sputum-----大叶性肺炎（肺链）StreptoPneumococcalinfectionPurulentsputum（脓性痰）-----lungabscessorbronchiectasisbrownjellysputum-----KlebsiellapneumoniaeinfectionPinkfoamysputum-----lungedemaSmellypurulentsputum（臭浓痰）-----anaerobicinfection（厌氧菌感染）Hemopty
6、sisBloodinsputum---TB,bronchiectasis,lungcancerDyspneaRepeatedparoxysmaldyspnea-----asthmaNocturnalparoxysmaldyspnea-----AcuteleftheartfailureChronicprogressivedypsnea-----AECOPDDyspneawithchestpain-----Pneumothorax（气胸）,pleuraleffusion,pneumoniaInspirato
7、rywheezing-----upperairwayobstructionbylaryngealedema,tumor,foreignbodyChestpainIndicatetheinvolvementofpleura,exacerbationatcoughordeepinspirationDifferentiatethechestpaininducedbythenonrespiratorydiseasessuchasanginaepisodes（心绞痛发作）,oesophagealandabdomi
8、naldiseases.costochondritis（肋软骨炎）PhysicalexaminationThesignsoflungarenotparalleledtothedegreeofdiseases.Nopositivefindingsdon’tmeannolesions,butthepositivesignsmeanthelesionsinlung.Thesignsofbronchiandbronchiolesaredryormo
