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1、Unit5ThepowerofnatureII语法:动词的-ing形式作状语的用法1.动词的-ing形式作状语,可以表示原因、时间、结果、条件、让步、方式等。(1)动词的-ing形式作原因状语,相当于一个原因状语从句。Beingsoill,shecan’tgobacktoworkyet.(=Assheissoill,shecan’tgobacktoworkyet.)由于病得厉害,她还无法回去上班。(2)动词的-ing形式作时间状语,相当于一个时间状语从句。有时强调分词短语所表示的动作与谓语动词所表示的动作同时发生,可在分词前加
2、上when和while.Hearingthebadnews,sheburstintotears.(=Whensheheardthebadnews,sheburstintotears.)当她听到这个坏消息时,她大哭起来。Becarefulwhencrossingthestreet.(=Becarefulwhenyoucrossthestreet.)过马路时要小心。(3)动词的-ing形式作结果状语,相当于一个结果状语从句,须放在被修饰动词的后面。Thefirelastedforthreehours,killing15worker
3、sinall.(=Thefirelastedforthreehours,soitkilled15workersinall.)这场大火持续了3小时,总共15个工人丧生。(4)动词的-ing形式作条件状语,相当于一个条件状语从句。这类分词前常加if,unless等。Meetinganywhereelse,wewouldn’thaverecognizedeachother.(=Ifwehadmetanywhereelse,wewouldn’thaverecognizedeachother.)如果在其它地方碰面,我们相互都不会认出彼此
4、。Ifplayingallday,youwillwasteyourvaluabletime.(=Ifyouplayallday,youwillwasteyourvaluabletime.)如果整日玩耍,你将浪费你宝贵的时间。(1)动词的-ing形式作让步状语,相当于一个让步状语从句。常有though,although等连接词。Althoughworkingdayandnight,hestillcouldn’tmakeenoughmoneytopayoffhisdebts.(=Althoughheworkeddayandnigh
5、t,hestillcouldn’tmakeenoughmoneytopayoffhisdebts.)尽管他整日整夜地工作,他还是无法挣到足够的钱还债。(2)动词的-ing形式作方式状语,表示伴随情况。Hemakesalivingsellingfruitandvegetables.他靠卖水果和蔬菜为生。2.-ing形式的时态变化(1)一般说来,-ing的一般式所表示的动作与谓语动词同时发生或在谓语动词之前发生。Hecametovisitme,bringinghisyoungersisterwithhim.(同时发生)他带着他的小
6、妹妹一起来看我。Finishinghishomework,hebegantowatchTV.(在谓语动词前发生)做完作业后,他开始看电视。(2)-ing的完成式表示的动作发生在谓语动词所表示的动作之前,常作时间状语或原因状语。Havingfoundahotel,welookedforsomewheretohavedinner.找到旅馆后,我们找一处吃饭的地方。试一试:1.Shesattheresilently,thinking(think)aboutwhattodonext.2.Havingmissed(miss)thebus
7、,wehadtowalkhome.3.Watching(watch)theplay,shecouldn’tkeepbackhertears.4.Notknowing(know)howtodoit,hewenttotheengineerforhelp.5.Itrainedfortwoweeksonend,completelyruining(ruin)ourholiday.6.Youcancompletetheworkaheadoftimeiftaking(take)myadvice.7.Nothavingseen(see)him
8、before,Ididn’trecognizehim.1.Havingcollected(collect)allthenecessarymaterial,shebegantowriteherreport.2.Walking(walk)overtoherdesk,shepick