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1、专四语法之----主谓一致主谓一致1.当单数名词做主语后接with,togetherwith,aswellas,ratherthan,alongwith等短语做定语时,谓语动词只和主语保持一致。Theteachertogetherwithhisstudentsisgoingthereonfoot.2.名词性从句或者非谓语动词短语做主语时往往表达一种抽象概念,谓语动词应该用单数形式:Drivingcarsiseasy.Toprotectthefruitsofourcountryvictoryisoursacredduty.3.Neithernor,eitheror
2、,notonlybutalso等句型中的谓语动词应该取决与主语中邻近部分,:NotonlyIbutalsoTomandMaryarefondofwatchingTV.4.“大量许多”的表达表数量的结构其后的名词谓语形式muchlittlealittlealargeamountoflargeamountsofapieceof,agreatdealof不可数名词单数manyfewafew可数名词复数alargenumberoflargenumbersof可数复数复数thenumberofthemajorityofthetotalofthecoupleof复数可数单数
3、anumberofamajorityofatotalofacoupleof复数可数复数Alotoflotsof复数可数复数alargequantityofquantitiesof不可数名词复数manyamorethanone可数单数单数agreatmany复数名词复数each/every可数单数单数neither/eitherof可数复数单数oneandahalf可数复数单数thegreatpartofalargeproportionof50%ofonethirdofplentyoftherestof可数或不可数与of后面的名词一致补充:aseriesof,ap
4、ortionof,aspeciesof,apieceof+名词的单数或复数时,谓语用单数.5.集体名词作主语时的主谓一致(1)表示无生命的“类”的集体名词 Clothing,furniture,baggage/luggage,information,machinery, merchandise,jewelry 它们指同一类的许多东西,其用法与不可数名词相当: ①形式上总是单数,没有复数形式,作主语时,谓语用单数。 Theoldmachineryisoutofdate. 这些旧机器过时了。 ②不可直接与a(n)或数词连用。表数量时用much,litt
5、le,some,apieceof,anarticleof等。 Eachroomhasfivepiecesoffurniture.每个房间有五件家具。 ③若需用代词,用单数代词。 Doyouwanttoseemyjewelry?Itisinthebox.你想看我的珠宝吗?它在我的箱子里。(2)表示“群”的集体名词People,police,cattle,cattle生畜,poultry家禽,vermin,clergy,militia,youth,family,class,team,government,vrowd,committee,crew,jury,pa
6、rty,firm,couple,board,group,gang,audience,public,mankind,humanity,clergy牧师,arms,trousers,times,doings,surroundings,thanks,manners,ashes,remains遗体,stairs,forces,troops军队,fireworks烟火,savings存款, belongings财产,earning,winnings,takings,accommodations,riches,traffics,produce,scenery其它:Scis
7、sors剪刀 tongs钳子 scales天秤 stockings长袜Compasses圆规 glasses眼镜 handcuffs手铐 trousers长裤Suspenders吊带 spectacles眼镜①表示有生命的集体名词谓语动词通常用复数,但当把集体当作一个整体时,用作单数.如cattle,personnel等;②savings,sroundings,earnings等类只有复数,谓语用复数;(3)部分词public,church,audience,mankind,humanity等通常只有单数形式,也不能直接加a(
8、n)(audience除