music, culture and ideas 音乐，文化与观念

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1、Music,CultureandIdeas音樂,文化與觀念Beethoven’sAnvilWilliamBenzonMusicinMindandCultureWilliamL.Benzon:認知科學家,社會與演化系統期刊TheJournalofSocialandEvolutionarySystems）之編輯委員,並著有視覺化:二次電腦革命Visualizations:TheSecondComputerRevolution,也是音樂團體「歐亞非聯盟」（AfroEurasianConnection）創始人之一。TheEvolutionofMus

2、icalCulture直立人適應草原製造石器建造shelter原始人模仿動物的叫聲Oneoftheadaptationthatfollowederectustosurviveinthesteppes.ControloverthevocalapparatusPrecursortomusic2millionyearsagoTheEvolutionofMusicalCulture舌下神經導管約30萬年前發展到目前尺寸原始人模仿動物的叫聲(以便影響動物)Oneoftheadaptationthatfollowederectustosurviveint

3、hesteppes.ControloverthevocalapparatusPrecursortomusic2millionyearsago人類先祖透過模仿動物叫聲獲得自主控制發聲器官的能力(在發展原始語言之前)TheEvolutionofMusicalCultureMarchtomusic:Rhythmicallycoordinatedgroupmergefromvocalmimicryandassociatedactivities.ThedifferentiationoflanguagefrommusickingThreemileston

4、e:fromapetohumanVocalmimicryTheoriginsofmusickingThedifferentiationoflanguagefrommusickingTheEvolutionofMusicalCultureGestaltSwitch1:sacredpleasureOubre’shypothesis:Thehumanmindfirstemergedwhenmusickinggaverisethegroup-synchronizedneurodynamics.Suchstatesarebothaby-producta

5、ndacatalystofthecontinuingevolutionofhominidconsciousnessandculture.MusicproperandlanguagewereproceededbysomethingthatneitheronenortheotherbutpartakesofbothTheEvolutionofMusicalCultureGestaltSwitch2:musicandlanguagedifferentiateThinking:on-line:brainisattendingtotheexternal

6、worldanddirectedtoit;off-line:brainisfocusingonmattersthatarenotphysicallypresentMusicking:on-lineLanguage:off-lineTheEvolutionofMusicalCultureVocalizationbecomeatriggerthatevoketheothersOn-linevoluntaryvocalizationsareusedtoreferenceandmanipulateoff-linenonvocalmentalstruc

7、ture.Won-wonConversation:Assemblemeaningdecode音樂的四個時期.音樂與文明Consciousness起源於Homer與AthenianGoldenAge之間MentaltermswerescarceHardlyattributetothemindOedipustheKingwouldnothavebeenpossibleinHomer’stimeTakeplaceinmentalrealm.Aboutmentalevents,actsknowingordenial.音樂與文明Newmodesofco

8、nsciousness兒童觀念發展:後階段的心理機制將早期的物體化objectified“thumos”inIliad反應環境的內在感應Thumos給戰士力量心理物