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1、专业英语课文翻译Lesson4PhrasesandExpressions1.moisturecontent含水量，含湿度;watercontent2.cementpaste水泥浆mortar3.capillarytension毛细管张力，微张力4.gradationofaggregate骨料级配coarsefine(crushedstone,gravel)5.TheBritishCodePC100英国混凝土规范PC100;nowadayBS81106.coefficientofthermalexpansionofconc
2、rete混凝土热膨胀系数7.TheB.SCode英国标准规范8.sustainedload永久荷载，长期荷载9.permanentplasticstrain永久的塑性应变stress10.crystallattice晶格,晶格11.cementgel水泥凝胶体12.water-cementratio水灰比13.expansionjoint伸缩缝14.stabilityofthestructure结构的稳定性structuralstability15.fatiguestrengthofconcrete混凝土的疲劳强度Vol
3、umeChangesofConcreteConcreteundergoesvolumechangesduringhardening.混凝土在硬结过程中会经历体积变化。Ifitlosesmoisturebyevaporation,itshrinks,butiftheconcretehardensinwater,itexpands.如果蒸发失去水分，混凝土会收缩；但如果在水中硬结，它便膨胀。Thecausesofthevolumechangesinconcretecanbeattributedtochangesinmoist
4、urecontent,chemicalreactionofthecementwithwater,variationintemperature,andappliedloads.混凝土体积变化的原因可归结为含水量的变化、水泥与水的水化反应、温度变化和所施加的荷载。ShrinkageThechangeinthevolumeofdryingconcreteisnotequaltothevolumeofwaterremoved.Theevaporationoffreewatercauseslittleornoshrinkage.混
5、凝土干燥时的体积变化量不等于它所失去的水的体积。自由水的蒸发基本不产生收缩。Asconcretecontinuestodry,waterevaporatesandthevolumeoftherestrainedcementpastechanges,causingconcretetoshrink,probablyduetothecapillarytensionthatdevelopsinthewaterremaininginconcrete.随着混凝土的不断变干，水分蒸发，受约束水泥浆的体积也变化，导致了混凝土的收缩，这多
6、半是由于残留在混凝土中的水的毛细张力所致。Emptyingofthecapillariescausesalossofwaterwithoutshrinkage.Butoncetheabsorbedwaterisremoved,shrinkageoccurs.毛细管变空导致无收缩的水分丢失，但一旦失去吸收的水分，收缩便发生。Manyfactorsinfluencetheshrinkageofconcretecausedbythevariationsinmoistureconditions.许多因素都会影响因水分环境发生变化
7、而产生的混凝土收缩。1.Cementandwatercontent.Themorecementorwatercontentintheconcretemix,thegreatertheshrinkage.水灰比：水灰比越大，收缩越大；2.Compositionandfinenessofcement.High-early-strengthandlow-heatcementsshowmoreshrinkagethannormalportlandcement.Thefinerthecement,thegreateristheex
8、pansionundermoistconditions.水泥的成分和细度：早强和低热水泥的收缩大于普通水泥，水泥越细，其在潮湿环境中的膨胀越大。3.Type,amount,andgradationofaggregate.Thesmallerthesizeofaggregateparticles,thegreateri
