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1、传染病护理学重点（Keypointsofinfectiousdiseasenursing）2.pathogenicityofpathogensduringinfection:(1)invasiveness:theabilityofpathogenstoinvadethebodyandspreadinvivo.Suchas:invasiveability,solubletissuecapacity,penetrationandsoon.(2):includingvirulenceexotoxin,endotoxinandvirulencefactors.(3)numbe
2、r:thesamepathogen,thenumberofinvasionisoftenproportionaltoitspathogenicability;indifferentinfectiousdiseases,thenumberofpathogenscausingacertaininfectiousdiseasevariesgreatly.(4)variationImmuneresponseduring3.infection:nonspecificimmunityandspecificimmunity(1)nonspecificimmunity:themech
3、anismofthebody'seliminationofforeignbodyintothebody.Itisobtainedbyhereditywithoutantigenspecificity,alsoknownasinnateimmunity.Threemainnaturalbarriersskin,blood,cerebrospinalfluid,placenta;phagocytosis;humoralfactors.Phagocytosis:mononuclearphagocytesystemhasnonspecificphagocyticfunctio
4、n.Humoralfactors,includingfluidinfusion,lysozymeandvariouscytokines,suchasinterleukin,tumornecrosisfactor,interferongamma,etc..(2)specificimmunity:thespecificimmuneresponseproducedbytheantirecognitionoftheantigenisanacquiredactiveimmunity.ItincludeshumoralimmunitymediatedbyBlymphocytesa
5、ndcell-mediatedimmunitymediatedbyTlymphocytes.7.therouteoftransmissionofviralhepatitis(1)fecaloraltransmission:themainrouteoftransmissionofhepatitisAande;(2)thespreadofbloodandbodyfluids:mainlyspreadhepatitisB,hepatitisC,dway(3)mothertochildtransmission:mainlythroughtheplacenta,birthcan
6、aldelivery,breast-feedingandfeedingandothermeansoftransmission,isalsoanimportantrouteoftransmissionofHBVinfection.8..Detectionofhepatitisvirusetiology(markers)ThehepatitisA:Anti-HAV-IgGserum:recentinfectionindex,isamarkerfordiagnosisofhepatitisAinthemain.SerumantiHAV-IgG:protectiveantib
7、odiesareseeninpatientswhohavebeenvaccinatedwithhepatitisAorthosewhohavepreviouslybeeninfectedwithHAV.HAVRNAThehepatitisb:Surfaceantigen(HBsAg)andsurfaceantibody(anti-HBs):HBsAgpositiveinHBVinfectedpatients,HBVinfection3weeksafterthefirstoccurrenceofHBsAg.Anti-HBspositivityismai
