chapter 15 hypersensitivity reaction：15章过敏反应

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1、Chapter15HypersensitivityReactionI.HypersensitivityreactionII.TypeIAnaphylacticReactionsIII.TypeIIAntibody-mediatedcytotoxichypersensitivityIV.TypeIIIImmunecomplex-mediatedhypersensitivityV.TypeIVTcell-mediatedhypersensitivityI.Hypersensitivityreaction1.Concept2.TypesofHypersensitivityReaction1.C

2、onceptUndersomecircumstances,immunity,ratherthanprovidingprotection,producesdamagingandsometimesfatalresults.Suchdeleteriousreactionsareknowncollectivelyashypersensitivityreactions,butitshouldberememberedthattheydifferfromprotectiveimmunereactionsonlyinthattheyareexaggeratedorinappropriateanddama

3、gingtothehost.Thecellularandmolecularmechanismsofthetwotypesofreactionarevirtuallyidentical.2.TypesofHypersensitivityReactionHypersensitivityreactionweredividedintofourclasses,designatedtypesI-,byGellandCoombsTypeI:AnaphylacticReactionsTypeII:Antibody-mediatedcytotoxichypersensitivityTypeIII:Immu

4、necomplex-mediatedhypersensitivityTypeIV:Tcell-mediatedhypersensitivityGellandCoombsclassificationofhypersensitivityreactionTypeDescriptionTimeMechanism,TypicalmanifestationImmediatereactionTypeIIgE-mediated2-3minAginducecross-linkageSystemicanaphylaxishypersensitivityofIgEboundtomastcellsLocaliz

5、edanaphylaxis:orbasophilswithreleaseHayfever,Asthma,ofvasoactivemediatorsHives,FoodAllergyEczema.TypeIIAb-mediated5-8hAbdirectedagainstcell-Blood-transfutioncytotoxicsurfaceAgsmediatescellreactions.hypersensitivitydestructionviaCactivationErythroblastosisfetalisorADCC.Autoimmunehemolyticanemia.Ge

6、llandCoombsclassificationofhypersensitivityreactionTypeDescriptionTimeMechanismTypicalmanifestationImmediatereactionTypeIIIImmunecomplex2-8hAg-AbcomplexesLocalizedArthus-mediateddepositedinvariousreactionhypersensitivitytissuesinduceCacti-Generalizedreactions:vationandanensuingSerumsickness,infla

7、mmatoryresponseGlomerulonephritisRheumatoidarthritisSLEDelayedreactionsTypeIVcell-mediated24-72hSensitizedTDTHcellsContactdermatitis,hypersensitivityreleasecytokinesthatTubercularlesions,activationMorTc,Graftrejection