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1、睡眠呼吸暂停综合征（Sleepapneasyndrome）(I)definitionSleepapneahypopneasyndromereferstoeverynightduringsleepapnearepeated30moretimesorsleepapneahypopneaindex(AHI)ismorethan5timesperhourandaccompaniedbyclinicalsymptomssuchaslethargy.Apneareferstothecompletecessationofairflowinthenoseandmouthdurin
2、gsleep,morethan10seconds.Hypopneaisthedecreaseintheintensityofairflowduringsleep(50%)abovethebasallevel,andisaccompaniedbyoxygensaturationAndabasiclevelmorethan4%declineorslightlyawake;sleepapneahypopneaindexreferstoeachhourofsleepapneaintimesoflowventilation.(two)classification1,cent
3、raltype(CSAS)2,obstructivetype(OSAS)3,mixedtype(MSAS)2epidemiologytoOSAHS,forexample,inthepopulationovertheageof40,theprevalencerateof2%-4%intheUnitedStates,morementhanwomen,theelderlyprevalencerateishigher,Australiaupto6.5%,China'sHongkongregion4.1%,3.62%inShanghai,4.81%inChangchun.E
4、tiologyandpathogenesisofcentralrespiratorysleepapneasyndrome(CSAS)SimpleCSASisrareandgenerallydoesnotexceed10%ofapneapatients,andonly4%havebeenreported.Patencycanbefurtherdividedintotwomajorcategories:hypercapniaandnormalhypercapnia.ObstructivesleepapneaPauseventilationsyndromeoccurss
5、imultaneouslyinmostofthelesionsofthenervoussystemormotorsystem.Thepathogenesismayberelatedtothefollowingfactors:1.Theresponseofrespiratorycentertovariousstimuliisdecreasedduringsleep(2)theinstabilityofrespiratoryfeedbackcausedbyhypoxemia,especiallythechangeofCO2concentrationinthecentr
6、alnervoussystem;3,theabnormalmechanismofexpirationandinspirationtransformation.Obstructivesleepapneahypopneasyndrome(OSAHS)ThemajorityofSAHShavefamilyclusteringandgeneticfactors,andmostofthemhavethepathologicalbasisofupperrespiratorytract,especiallynasalandpharyngealstenosis,suchasobe
7、sity,allergicrhinitis,nasalpolyps,tonsilhypertrophy,andsoftPalatineuvularelaxation,longthick,enlargedtongue,tongueretropulsion,mandibularretrusion,temporomandibularjointdysfunctionandmicrognathia.Someendocrinediseasescanalsobecombinedwiththedisease.Itspathogenesismaybeassociatedwithsl
8、eepIn
