宾语从句详细讲解[1]

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1、定语从句一.定语从句及相关术语1.定语从句：修饰一个名词或代词的从句称为定语从句，一般紧跟在它所修饰的先行词后面。2.关系词：引导定语从句的关联词成为关系词关系词有关系代词和关系副词。关系代词有that,which,who,whom,whose,as等；关系副词有where,when,why等。关系词常有3个作用：1，引导定语从句。2，代替先行词。3，在定语从句中担当一个成分。二.关系代词引导的定语从句1.who指人，在从句中做主语(1)   Theboyswhoareplayingfootball

2、arefromClassOne.(2)   YesterdayIhelpedanoldmanwholosthisway.2.whom指人，在定语从句中充当宾语，常可省略。(1)Mr.Liuistheperson(whom)youtalkedaboutonthebus.(2)Mr.LingisjusttheboywhomIwanttosee.注意：关系代词whom在口语和非正式语体中常用who代替，可省略。(3)Themanwho/whomyoumetjustnowismyfriend.3.which

3、指物，在定语从句中做主语或者宾语，做宾语时可省略(1)Footballisagamewhichislikedbymostboys.(2)Thisisthepen(which)heboughtyesterday.4.that指人时，相当于who或者whom；指物时，相当于which。在宾语从句中做主语或者宾语，做宾语时可省略。(5)Thenumberofthepeoplethat/whocometovisitthecityeachyearrisesonemillion.(6)Whereistheman

4、that/whomIsawthismorning?5.whose通常指人，也可指物，在定语从句中做定语(1)Hehasafriendwhosefatherisadoctor.(2)Ioncelivedinahousewhoseroofhasfallenin.whose指物时，常用以下结构来代替(3)   Theclassroomwhosedoorisbrokenwillsoonberepaired.(4)   Theclassroomthedoorofwhichisbrokenwillsoonber

5、epaired.(5)   Doyoulikethebookwhosecoverisyellow?(6)   Doyoulikethebookthecolorofwhichisyellow?三.介词+关系代词引导的定语从句关系代词在定语从句中做介词宾语时，从句常由介词+关系代词引导(1)   Theschool(that/which)heoncestudiedinisveryfamous.(2)   Theschoolinwhichheoncestudiedisveryfamous.(3)   To

6、morrowIwillbringhereamagazine(that/which)youaskedfor.(4)   TomorrowIwillbringhereamagazineforwhichyouasked.(5)   We’llgotohearthefamoussinger(whom/that/who)wehaveoftentalkedabout.(6)   We’llgotohearthefamoussingeraboutwhomwehaveoftentalked.注意：1.含有介词的动词

7、短语一般不拆开使用，如：lookfor,lookafter,takecareof等(1)   Thisisthewatchwhich/thatIamlookingfor.(T)(2)   ThisisthewatchforwhichIamlooking.(F)2.若介词放在关系代词前，关系代词指人时用whom，不可用who或者that；指物时用which，不能用that；关系代词是所有格时用whose(1)Themanwithwhomyoutalkedismyfriend.(T)(2)Themanw

8、ho/thatyoutalkedwithismyfriend.(F)(3)TheplaneinwhichweflewtoCanadaisverycomfortable.(T)(4)TheplaneinthatweflewintoCanadaisverycomfortable.(F)3.“介词+关系代词”前可有some,any,none,both,all,neither,most,each,few等代词或者数词(1)Helovedhisparentsdeeply,bot